Опоясывающий лишай (герпес) – это заболевание, It is caused by the virus of the Herpesviridae family. It occurs when the varicella zoster virus is activated, which was in the body in a latent state. Also this disease is called herpes zoster.
In most cases, shingles appear in the elderly. And for some people with weakened immunity, it can develop and re-enter.
In addition to the age predisposition, the factorsThe risk of the appearance of lichen includes some diseases. It can develop in people with weakened immunity, who suffer from leukemia, lymphogranulomatosis. The risk group includes all cancer patients who received chemotherapy, who have growth in neoplasms, as well as those who have received organ transplants or bone marrow transplants. Also, the disease develops against a background of prolonged use of corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Any weakening of immunity, chronic fatigue, permanent stresses are also considered risk factors.
Not everyone is able to immediately and without the help of a doctorTo recognize the disease and start treatment on time. In addition, many do not know how the shingles are transmitted. If you have never had chickenpox, moreover, moreover, you have not been vaccinated against this infectious disease, then it is better to stay away from patients with this kind of herpes. The virus is extremely contagious, it can be caused by ordinary household contact.
Most people have the virus in sleepcondition. Taking into account the fact that its development provokes any weakening of the immunity, it is important to monitor your health, not to overcool, to avoid stress. But, besides this, do not forget about hygiene. Regular hand washing, especially after returning from public places and using bactericidal agents, can significantly reduce the risk of developing the disease. Also, do not use shared towels, plates, glasses.
Often people infected with herpes zoster,don't even suspect it. The incubation period can last several years without any manifestations. At the initial stage in some patients, signs of shingles are not pronounced.
Infection may be accompanied by headache,fever to subfebrile, dyspeptic disorders, chills and general weakness. Also, a person may experience itching or tingling in the area of future rashes. Such a period, depending on the state of human immunity, can last up to 4 days.
But most often the disease begins with a sharpfever up to 39 degrees, chills, headache. This condition in a patient lasts for several days. Immediately appear and rash. At this moment it is important to remember how shingles are transmitted in order to protect others.
It is worth noting that the rash is accompanied bypain and itching. Feeling quite unpleasant, infected people can not even sleep or lie down. Moreover, in some patients, so-called postherpetic neuralgia is noted. This is a condition in which the sensation of itching and pain remain even after cure for a few more months, or even years.
To understand exactly what your disease is,it is necessary to find out how this type of herpes is manifested. At first, round pink spots appear on the human body, their diameter does not exceed 0.5 cm. But very quickly, literally the next day, small vesicles with transparent contents are visible on them. Also, the disease is often accompanied by an increase in lymph nodes.
All lesions are on projection.sensitive nerves. In most cases, they are localized on the sides along the intercostal nerves and on the extremities. But there are times when shingles affect the head or the genital area.
Через несколько дней содержимое, находящееся в vesicles, grows turbid, and the eruptions themselves become more pale. Over time, crusts form on the affected areas, which disappear only 21 days after the onset of the disease. In their place remains a slight pigmentation.
Наиболее распространенной является ганглиокожная form of the disease. It is accompanied by unbearable pain, intoxication, fever. But the rash may be absent. This affects the intervertebral ganglia and the posterior roots of the nerves.
Ear and eye disease.When they occur, there is a bright clinical picture. When the eye form - the mucous membranes of the eyes, face, nose. Ear herpes is accompanied by rash on the shells and around them, in the ear canal. Paralysis of the facial nerve can also cause the disease.
Gangrenous form occurs mainly in persons with significantly weakened immunity. The skin is affected very deeply, scars remain after recovery.
The abortive form lasts only a few days. It is characterized by the rapid disappearance of the rash and the complete absence of vesicles.
The generalized form leads to the formation of vesicles in all areas of the skin; they also appear on the mucous membranes. It usually cures in 3 weeks.
Meningoencephalitic form, fortunatelyis rare. The disease is very difficult, less than 40% of people recover, and the rest of herpes zoster is fatal. Understand that the patient is this form of the disease, you can not immediately. Symptoms occur a little later: hallucinations, hemiplegia, ataxia, sometimes even the onset of coma.
The disease is dangerous because in the lesion processvegetative ganglia may also be involved, in which case it will not be just shingles. The consequences of such infection threaten the development of meningoencephalitis. Even if patients can avoid death, in most cases the disease leads to disability.
Also with shingles and internal organs may be affected. It threatens the development of pneumonia, diseases of the urogenital tract, or damage to the duodenum.
An eye and ear form of the disease can cause facial paralysis. Also, the disease threatens optic neuritis, which can lead to deterioration of vision.
Accession of a bacterial infection is also considered dangerous. In this case, the recovery of the patient will be delayed for months.
А для людей преклонного возраста важно на the initial stages to detect shingles. Treatment with "Acyclovir", appointed in a timely manner, can prevent the occurrence of visceral complications. Antibacterial ointments that include Tetracycline or Erythromycin antibiotics may also be prescribed. In some cases, the doctor may recommend injections of a human immunoglobulin.
In consultation with the attending doctor canuse depriving therapies that are popular with alternative medicine lovers. So, the patient can wipe the affected places with infusion of immortelle. He does this: 1 tbsp. l plants poured a glass of boiling water. An hour later, the infusion can be drained and used for its intended purpose, lubricating the skin that was affected by shingles.
Folk remedies for treatment also sentto strengthen the immune system. To do this, you can drink an infusion made from willow bark. 2 tbsp. l dry raw materials poured 0.5 liters. boiling water and infused for about an hour. Drink it should be ¼ cup 3 times daily.