The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is complex anda unique organ system that is designed to process food, isolate and break down nutrients, suck them into the bloodstream, and also to remove residues that are not digested. Each of its organs performs a separate function and is very important. So, the pancreas is the largest of all the glands. It secretes digestive juices and enzymes that break down proteins, fats, starch and carbohydrates. In diseases of the pancreas, a diet is mandatory.
Each organ of the digestive tract has a unique structure andfunctions. Thus, the pancreas is involved in digestive processes. It performs two important functions. First, the pancreas secretes inactive enzymes into the duodenum, necessary for the digestion of food.
These include:
After the food gets into the duodenumthe gut, these enzymes are activated and begin to digest food. This is the so-called exocrine function of the pancreas. The second is endocrine. Between the lobules of the pancreas there are numerous groups of cells that do not have excretory ducts. They are also called islets of Langerhans. They perform the function of internal secretion and release glucagon and insulin into the bloodstream. These are hormones that are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates.
Since this body performs two functions, thendiseases can be divided into two groups. The first includes those that are associated with enzymes and food digestion, and the latter with hormonal regulation of endocrine function. Pancreatitis is one of the most common diseases of the pancreas, and the diet in this case is mandatory. When endocrine function is impaired, diabetes mellitus appears. This disease requires the same diet as for pancreatitis, but excludes all foods containing glucose. For people with diabetes, it is important to keep blood sugar at an acceptable level.
As mentioned earlier, during normal operationthis body, the enzymes that break down fats, proteins and carbohydrates, enter the duodenum only after food enters. When inflammation of the pancreas occurs the following: lipase, trypsin and amylase are activated in the gland itself and destroy it. For them, there is no significant difference what to digest, either the walls of the gland, or the lump of food. At the same time, of course, enzymes do not enter the duodenum, which causes such symptoms as nausea and vomiting with undigested food. The danger also lies in the fact that the toxins that are released as a result of this, through the bloodstream and get into other important organs, destroying them.
Так как панкреатит является главным заболеванием pancreas, then a special diet has been developed for people suffering from this ailment. However, a similar diet should be followed for any pathologies of the pancreas, especially since pancreatitis leads to most complications and pathologies.
Numerous studies in this area prove that many factors can affect the digestive tract diseases:
But, as statistics show, most oftendiseases of the pancreas occurs precisely because of the consumption of fatty, fried and spicy foods and alcoholic beverages. The thing is that for these products, it allocates the maximum amount of enzymes. At the same time there is an enormous load on the entire gastrointestinal tract and, as a result, a delay in the release of lipase, trypsin and amylase. For this reason, for diseases of the pancreas, diet is a mandatory requirement.
When diagnosing pancreatic diseaseglands (pancreatitis) diet prescribed in order to reduce the burden on the body. It is very important to abandon products that stimulate a strong production of enzymes and cause inflammatory processes. For example, in the acute form of pancreatitis, a person is prescribed treatment in a hospital, as well as rest, hunger and cold. Since food will not enter the esophagus, the enzymatic activity will decrease, and this will contribute to the regeneration of the gland.
A disease like pancreatitis occurs inbabies over one year old. It is necessary to take a very careful look at the treatment process, since if it is not cured in time, then the pathology will become chronic. Of course, the acute stage of pancreatitis requires mandatory inpatient care. The doctor will prescribe the correct treatment and diet. In general, the diet for the pancreas in children and adults is no different and consists of boiled and low-fat products.
The acute form of the disease occurs verysuddenly. There is an attack of pain, localized in the left hypochondrium, the temperature rises. Typical symptoms will also be vomiting and lack of appetite. Of course, you must immediately call an ambulance. As a rule, patients with acute pancreatitis of the pancreas are hospitalized, since the inflammation of this organ without the necessary treatment can be fatal. In addition, in the first few days the patient is recommended fasting, that is, the complete exclusion of all food. Allowed to drink mineral water "Borjomi" and broth hips. Intravenous put parenteral nutrition.
When the patient gets a little easierprescribe a diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas. It is necessary to exclude fried, smoked, fresh pastries and salt. Mucous soups, oatmeal, low-fat varieties of protein products (meat and fish) are permitted. It is necessary to go out of medical fasting very slowly, daily increasing the number of calories consumed. On the first day, a maximum of 400 kcal should be received, on the second - 500 kcal, etc. In case of diseases of the pancreas, the diet is a fractional diet in small portions.
It should also take into account the fact that after acuteforms of the disease is recommended to adhere to a diet of at least 3 months. Otherwise, an attack of acute pancreatitis may recur. For diseases of the pancreas, the diet and the menu for each day can be made individually, taking into account the condition of other organs of the gastrointestinal tract. In general, it is recommended to abandon fried and spicy foods, as well as bad habits.
This form of the disease is less pronounced.During periods of aggravation, the patient suffers from heartburn, pain in the left side, nausea, bloating. In the chronic form, any doctor will prescribe a diet for pancreatitis of the pancreas. Sample menu includes cereals and protein foods (meat and fish), vegetable soups. During the exacerbation period it is allowed to use:
When exacerbation passes, diet can be a bitadjust: slightly increase the amount of fat and add some dishes to the diet. But at the same time it is impossible to overeat and it is necessary to avoid fried and smoked food. In chronic diseases (non-exacerbation) of the pancreas, the diet and a sample menu may consist of the following products:
A very important and necessary diet for pancreatitispancreas. The menu should consist only of authorized products. In addition, there is a stop list. These dishes are forbidden to use, especially during periods of exacerbation. They can provoke complications, and in some cases even cause necrosis of the gland tissues. From the diet should be excluded:
Such products, entering the esophagus, requirelarge amounts of enzymes. But since during the disease the stomach contents are thrown into the ducts of the gland, amylase, trypsin and lipase will begin to be processed in the ducts themselves. This will lead to an increase in the inflammatory process in the pancreas.
Sometimes it is very difficult to accept the fact thatsome time will have to stick to a diet. But health is much more important. And if you follow all the prescribed rules, the effectiveness of therapy can be significantly improved.
It is very important to organize proper nutrition,so that it brings not only the benefit of your digestive tract organs, but it does not worsen your mood. To get started, write a list of allowed products. Of these, you can prepare a lot of tasty and healthy dishes that will not harm the pancreas. The entire diet should be divided into 5 meals, because you should eat in small portions and at the same time avoid large breaks in food. The pancreas "does not like" is too hot and cold, so it’s good if the food is at an average temperature.
Diet for pancreatic diseases isnecessary measure that cannot be neglected. It is the exclusion of many products from the diet that helps relieve inflammation in the gland and normalize the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
