If a person has a broken neck of the hip, the whole processrecovery will take a patient and his environment a lot of time and careful care. The patient himself and his relatives should be aware of all the physiological and anatomical abnormalities that are caused by damage to the hip joint.
It is regrettable, but almost in 90% of casesfracture of bones in the elderly, just breaks the cervix. The overwhelming majority of victims of this are women over 55. Fracture of the neck of the hip, rehabilitation after which requires a long time and many efforts, among various kinds of fractures is more than 6%. Such a trauma will require strict bed rest and treatment, which may take several months. A broken neck of the hip can lead to a fatal outcome. So according to some data, among those who received such a fracture more than 20% (according to other data more than 40%) people die.
The main reason for this change isvarious kinds of falls on the area of the body where the femoral joint is located (on its side). Why is it so easy to break the neck of the hip? The main reason for this is the long-term deficit in the human diet of calcium ions and some other nutrients and minerals that are used by the human body for the continuous renewal of cartilage and bone tissue. These tissues are a kind of accumulator of calcium and other minerals that give them strength. Exclusion from the diet of meat and bone broths, the rejection of dairy products leads to an increasing deficiency of calcium in bone tissues. This increases their fragility, which eventually ends with osteoporosis.
The femoral neck is fractured in women more often becausethere is a significant loss of calcium during pregnancy and lactation. In addition, endocrine changes that occur in women during menopause, contribute to increased leaching of calcium from bone tissue.
By its anatomy, the femoral neck is asimple joint. The femur has a lateral formation in its upper part resembling the handle of the cane. This formation ends in a convex smooth hemisphere, which is called the head of the joint. This hemisphere densely enters the corresponding hemispherical cavity located on the hip bone (acetabulum). A dense and mobile connection between them is provided by a group of tendon ligaments resembling stretched rubber bands. Smaller ligaments and connective tissue formations located directly around this joint are its capsule, covering the sliding cartilaginous surfaces filled with intra-articular fluid. Inside the capsule, in the very center of the joint, a bundle is included in the femoral head from the pelvic bone, which includes blood vessels and nerve fibers that nourish bones and joints.
Fractures of the neck of the thigh are dangerous because in the joint inthe time of movement is traumatizing the surrounding tissues with bone fragments, which can lead to the development of aseptic necrosis. Such cases require endoprosthetics - the formation of an artificial joint of polymers or metals that are not rejected by the body and allow a few days later to move to the limited active movements.
With external fractures (extra-capsular),Osteosynthesis is performed - fixation of the fracture site by a plate or a metal pin. Rehabilitation after a hip fracture in this case also begins earlier, as the period of immobilization of the patient and the risk of complications is shortened. In some simple cases, doctors are limited to immobilization and extension of the lower limbs. Such patients need a long bed rest and careful care, since prolonged bed rest can lead to bedsores, constipation, hypodynamic pneumonia and thrombosis of large veins of the thigh and lower leg. All these complications require long and expensive treatment, so the correct regimen for such patients is vital.
