Osteomyelitis - severe purulent-necroticbone marrow disease. It affects not only the bone marrow, but the entire bone, and then transmitted to nearby tissues. The causative agents of the disease are bacteria or mycobacteria that produce pus.
Osteomyelitis of the bone can be transmitted in different ways:
through the bloodstream (hematogenous variety),
From the focus of another inflammation,
with penetrating wounds or treatment of fractures (posttraumatic type),
during the treatment of teeth or the installation of dentures (odontogenic type).
If bacteria get into the body, place themThe congestion is surrounded by leukocytes, which, in an effort to destroy the infection, produce enzymes that destroy the bone. The bone, bone marrow, surrounding soft tendons and tendons die off, and then covered with a new bone tissue, forming a place for the permanent dislocation of the infection.
Investigating the inflamed area, you can determinetype of osteomyelitis. It can be acute or chronic. In turn, acute osteomyelitis of the bone is also divided into varieties, caused by different causes and differently flowing.
Osteomyelitis in newborns occurs in a third of babies. Infection affects the tubular bones, and in the most severe cases, multiple lesions occur. Often this leads to lifelong arthritis.
Acute osteomyelitis can be septic-piemic, local or toxic.
Symptoms of the first type: a sharp significant fever, nonsense, repeated vomiting, jaundice, loss of consciousness.
Local osteomyelitis of the bone develops extremelyfast. During the day or two, the temperature rises, there is swelling of the skin, redness. Severe pain changes the position of the affected limbs, giving them a forced unnatural position. The limb loses its ability to move. However, in general, the condition of the patient is somewhat easier than with the septic-piemic form.
The toxic form proceeds lightning fast, butis rare. Symptoms grow like a snowball. The temperature rises sharply, acute intoxication of the organism is observed. He accompanies with strong vomiting, the symptoms of meningitis increase. Cramps are gaining momentum, which are replaced by adynamics, in which a person is unable to move. Pressure drops to a critical level, and cardiac arrest may occur. Since, unlike other forms, first there are general symptoms, and not local signs, setting the right diagnosis can be difficult.
Osteomyelitis of the upper jaw can occur inresultant caries (odontogenic), get through the blood from the tooth or other affected organ (hematogenous), develop on the basis of any trauma (post-traumatic).
Odontogenic osteomyelitis often occurs on the lower jaw, and the upper one is affected only in a third of cases. The causative agents of this species are streptococci, staphylococci, anaerobic bacteria.
The source of infection in hematogenous osteomyelitis of the jaw can be tonsillitis, scarlet fever, typhoid, any other infectious or purulent diseases.
Symptoms of the osteomyelitis of the jaw:
a sharp pain in the tooth, increasing with a tapping,
loosening of adjacent to infected teeth,
swelling of the oral mucosa, the appearance of abscesses,
enlargement of the lymph nodes on the neck,
jaundice,
temperature increase,
lethargy,
a sudden fluctuation of pressure.
When diagnosing "osteomyelitis of the bone", step-by-step treatment is prescribed:
Osteomyelitis in chronic form leads to the formation of purulent fistula, sometimes to a change in the length of the limb. The period of remission can last many years.
