Infectious diseases result frompenetration of pathogenic microbes. A pathogenic microorganism is capable of causing damage if it has a virulence. In other words, it should be able to overcome the resistance of the body, showing a toxic effect. The action of some pathogenic microorganisms causes infectious diseases by isolating exotoxins during their life. Under the influence of other microbes, the release of toxins (endotoxins) occurs when their bodies are destroyed.
Infectious diseases are characterized by the presence ofincubation period. This is the time between the first infection and the manifestation of the first symptoms. The incubation period can last several hours and longer. In rare cases, several years. The duration of the incubation period depends on the type of pathogen and the method of infection.
It should be noted that infectious diseasesare considered to be very regular phenomena occurring in human life. Some infections come to replace others, and with it new preventive problems arise. Today there is a fairly high degree of infectious lesions. Millions of new infections are registered annually.
In the matter of infection,note the importance and necessity of prevention. There is a group of infections, protection from which can only be provided by vaccination. At the same time immunoprophylaxis of infections is directed to activation of immunity. To maintain it, you need a second vaccination. First of all, such prevention is carried out among children who are prone to infection, with weakened immunity. They are most often marked by acute infectious diseases. In some cases antibiotics and chemotherapy are used to prevent infections as preventive therapy. Before carrying out preventive measures, an examination of the therapist or pediatrician is necessary.
Many infections are toxic.With such infections, the vascular system of the body is often affected. In some cases, with a toxic infection, developing vascular insufficiency can take a very difficult course, becoming, in some cases, the cause of death. In this case, under the influence of some infections, the venous influx decreases due to a sharp drop in the vascular tone and movement of blood to one or other depositing areas. Such a course is characteristic of pneumonia or typhus. Exposure to other infections, in addition to the above lesions, contributes to increased permeability in the capillary walls and exit from the channel of the vessel of the plasma part. Such manifestations are characteristic for food infections, dysentery.
Infectious lesions contribute to the development ofmany diseases. In time, not conducted prevention can lead to serious complications. The immune system ceases to cope with the attacks of microorganisms. Running, timely not cured infections contribute to defeats of the heart muscle. Reaching the human cardiovascular system, they contribute to the development of degenerative changes in the nervous regulation of the heart.
Some, in time not cured infections, suchAs gonorrhea, brucellosis, tuberculosis, can cause the development of a disease such as infectious polyarthritis. In this chronic disease, joint damage is crucial. In the development of this type of disease, the stage at which the joint soft tissue and synovial membrane changes occurs. To the second stage, the development of abundant granulations with cartilage resorption (resorption) and fibrous ankylosis is attributed. The third stage includes fibrosnekostny ankylosis. If the treatment of the disease is ignored, there may be a violation of the joint function.
