Osteoarthritis of the hip joints - degenerative and dystrophic joint disorders of the locomotor system with a characteristic progressive course. In medicine it is called Coxarthrosis.
Osteoarthritis of the hip joints begins with the degenerative process of the jointcartilage in which fragmentation, fiber destruction, thinning of the cartilaginous joint occurs with further loss of amortization properties and the formation of characteristic bone growths. Subsequently, a cyst is formed and sclerosis develops in the areas of articulation of the acetabulum and the head of the hip bone.
Osteoarthritis of the hip joints is primary and secondary. The disease can affect one or both of the hip joints. At the primary stage, the disease can spread to the spine and other joints, in most cases - to the cups of the knees.
Causes
There are many reasons for the development of Coxarthrosis:
- violation of the circulatory process in the joint;
- Overload of joints under the influence of mechanical factors (overweight, increased physical exertion);
- hormonal changes, metabolic disorders in the body, biochemical changes in the cartilaginous tissue;
- trauma (dislocation or fractures of the pelvis, cervix);
- Infectious and inflammatory diseases of the joints (rheumatism, chronic polyarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis);
- necrotic lesions of the head of the hip;
- Pathology of the foot (flat feet) and the spine (kyphosis, scoliosis);
- hip dislocation at birth, congenital dysplasia of the joints;
- sedentary lifestyle;
- Age (more often people from 50 years old);
- heredity and predisposition of the organism (fragility of bones, peculiarities of cartilage structure, metabolic disorders). Osteoarthritis of the hip joints, treatment which occupies an important place in modern orthopedics and traumatology, is not inherited by inheritance.
Symptoms of arthrosis of the hip joints
The signs of the disease depend on the stage of its course. There are three stages:
stage 1 - pain after physical exertion more oftenappear at the site of the hip joint, sometimes in the knee. Usually the pain subsides after rest. The gait is not broken, mobility is not limited, muscle strength is normal. X-ray images show proliferation;
stage 2 - pain intensifies, capturing areasgroin, give to the region of the thigh, sometimes arise in a state of rest. After a long physical exertion, there is lameness. Movement is partially limited, muscle power is reduced. On x-ray images, the destruction of the joint is noticeable;
Stage 3 - persistent pain, walking possibleonly with the help of a cane or crutches, movement is limited, shortening of the affected limb. X-ray images show extensive sprouting and joint damage.
How to treat arthrosis of the hip joint?
Treatment of coxarthrosis in the 1 st and 2 nd stages is performedoutpatient, aimed at reducing pain, inflammation in the joints, improving blood circulation and mobility of the limb. To this end, anti-inflammatory and anesthetic preparations, vitamins, local compresses with Dimexide preparation (up to 15 procedures) are prescribed.
During the period of treatment the patient is recommendedto limit vertical loads on the sick limb (running, wearing heavy weights, long stay on legs). In combination with the main treatment, ultrasound, magnet, laser therapy, and also electrophoresis of the solution of Dimexide, Novocaine and others are used.
After the removal of the pain syndrome and to strengthen the muscles, therapeutic massage, health gymnastics, swimming in the pool are prescribed.
Arthrosis of the hip joints of the third degree is performed in a hospital. In addition to the above procedures, it includes the introduction of the inside of the joint drugs Arthroporone or Kenalog.
In acute form of the disease,surgical intervention. The main task of the operation is to change the location of the bone head of the thigh for further distribution of pressure on the joints. Operation is not recommended for patients older than 60 years.
В наши дни большой популярностью пользуются surgery to introduce artificial joints. During the operation, the old head is removed, and a new metal or ceramic head is inserted into its place. Such treatment allows the patient to live a full life in 2-3 months.
