Lymphocytes are necessary for a person to protectorganism from such external factors as pathogenic bacteria and other foreign particles that penetrate inside. Lymphocytosis is a disease in which the level of lymphocytes in peripheral blood is much higher than normal. It is quite difficult to understand in detail how these blood cells work in our body, but it is absolutely necessary to have a general idea and understand the importance of the processes taking place.
Lymphocytes are a type of leukocytes,cells of the immune system that are responsible for acquired immunity. Normally, in 1 microlitre, they should contain 1200-3000, but this figure is somewhat different for different age groups. Concerning all leukocytes, the normal percentage of lymphocytes is 19-37%.
There are not only quantitative, but alsoqualitative changes in lymphocytes. In the first case, primary cell damage is observed for a variety of reasons. In the second - this is the result of the body's response to inflammatory processes that occur in organs and tissues. It should be noted that changes in the reactivity of the organism are always observed, which is explained by the active involvement of lymphocytes in the processes that occur at the level of cellular and humoral immunity. With a disease such as lymphocytosis, the symptoms can be different, and mostly they depend on the general state of the human body, including its immune system.
To properly assess the changes thatoccur in the blood, you need to determine not only the absolute content of leukocytes in it, but also the percentage ratio between their various species. Therefore, absolute lymphocytosis and relative are divided. The change in the percentage of any type of white blood cells is far from in all cases, corresponds to their true increase.
Relative lymphocytosis, the causes ofwhich is an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes, but there is normal, and in some cases even reduced, their absolute number, is much more common. Often, it occurs with various pyoinflammatory pathological changes and viral infections, including influenza. Such a disease can develop with brucellosis, typhoid fever, leishmaniasis and other pathological processes, which significantly reduce the resistance of the human body.
Regardless of whether the absolute orrelative lymphocytosis, the causes of its occurrence lie in the infiltration of lymphocytes of the inflammation focus, which occurs in infections and other pathological changes. Thus, the body reacts to the penetration of foreign elements into the body and fights against them.
If, according to research, a diagnosis is madelymphocytosis, the cause of which lies in the increase in the number of lymphocytes, it is called absolute. It often occurs with such acute infections as measles, rubella, viral hepatitis, chicken pox, scarlet fever and others. But the development of lymphocytosis is typical for diseases such as tuberculosis, lymphosarcoma, increased thyroid function (hyperthyroidism), acute and chronic lymphocytic leukemia.
With such a malignant blood pathology aslymphoblastic leukemia, lymphocytosis is also noted, the development of which is that lymphocytes can not ripen, and therefore, fully protect the body from bacteria and viruses. Immature cells, called blasts, fill the entire circulatory system, as well as many internal organs. This causes the development of bleeding, anemia, the emergence of various foci of infections, violations in the functioning of life support.
Lymphocytes are on guard for our body, so you should know whether their number corresponds to the norm, which is easy to do by regularly conducting a not so complicated analysis.
