Replacement of a worn joint became normalpractice. Modern medicine has reached a level at which good results are achieved, operations have become available to a wide range of patients. Their demand in Russia reaches three hundred thousand a year. But there is one aspect that has a significant effect on any, even the most successful, operation - it is rehabilitation after hip arthroplasty.
From the first hours after it is held, it is importantobserve all recommendations. In the hospital, the healing of the joints is monitored, the formation of blood clots and dislocation is prevented. It's not easy to lie on your back all the time, but properly begun rehabilitation will ensure a quick recovery in the future.
Unfortunately, not everyone can affordresort or sanatorium treatment. Most patients fulfill the conditions of rehabilitation after endoprosthetics of the hip joint at home. In this regard, there are many questions: when you can lie on your stomach, sit, walk, go down and climb the steps, and many others.
When going to the hospital, you should prepare forreturn home. After all, there is a serious operation and servicing yourself on the first time will not be easy. Among such surgical interventions the most serious is endoprosthetics of the hip joint. Rehabilitation after surgery will require a set of measures. The house is adapted to the new needs of the owner: they acquire special chairs and linings on them, attach handrails, in the bathroom they do not put a sliding mat.
Do not forget about the puller of the blanket,biotoilete and crutches. You should think about comfortable shoes that do not need to be buttoned. It is good, if the gymnasium complex will be installed in the apartment. After surgery, most of the free time is advised to engage in exercise therapy. Thus, rehabilitation after hip arthroplasty at home will be successful.
Adhering to simple rules that can be made in advancelearn, operated patients get rid of an unpleasant feeling of uncertainty, confidently behave under the circumstances and gradually go to recovery.
The existing set of measures aimed at the fastest recovery of the patient consists of several phases, each of which is aimed at a certain solution to the problems:
First of all, remember what movements can not be done several months after the replacement of the joint:
Even in the most favorable circumstancesIt will take at least three months for complete healing of the tissues after hip arthroplasty. Rehabilitation after surgery until full recovery lasts an average of about a year.
Immediately after surgery, the patient is inresuscitation. Doctors ensure that blood clots are not formed. The patient lies on his back, a catheter is inserted into the bladder. The legs are in the extended position, between them put a pillow or special roller to keep the correct position of the limbs. Turns of the body are prohibited.
If the patient's condition is stable, there are nocomplications, it is possible to transfer to the intensive care unit. Rehabilitation begins after endoprosthetics of the hip joint: the catheter is removed, the patient is allowed to get up and move with a walker or other support. At first the patient will have a high toilet and a high bed. This is necessary to ensure the angle of flexion of the joint is less than 90 degrees. In bed, sit back, leaning back on the pillows.
The rotation of the joint is restricted (these are movements in which the foot deviates from the foot axis), it should not be more than 30 degrees.
There is an opinion that cautiousbegin as early as possible, so that rehabilitation after hip replacement is more rapid. As soon as the catheters and droppers are removed, the nurse performs a cautious overturning. From the fifth to the eighth day the doctor can allow to roll over first on his side, and then on his stomach, but always holding the roller between his legs. This will prevent dangerous shifting of the leg.
Bringing the foot is the term denotingthe institution of the operated leg behind the median line. Usually this happens when you try to get your legs together. The median line is represented by continuing the line of the spine. With the reduction of the leg, a dislocation or fracture is possible.
When lying on your stomach, make sure thatthe knee joint was maximally straightened. It can be unpleasant, even painful. However, to pay such attention to the pose at the beginning of rehabilitation is the salvation from the impossibility of straightening the leg in the future.
So you can lie in the waking hours -it is believed that this position is better to stretch the joint. At night, you should take a position on your back with a roller between your legs apart. Rehabilitation after hip arthroplasty in the hospital includes compulsory physical exercises to prepare the muscles for movement. They need to be repeated at home, gradually increasing their number.
The so-called activities are held immediatelyafter operation. All actions are aimed at preventing blood clots. The patient does special exercises at a slow pace as soon as anesthesia goes away. This will help to speed up recovery, reduce pain, develop muscles, and increase blood circulation.
Since there are no identical patients, there is no single exercise for rehabilitation after hip joint arthroplasty.
In case of joint replacementdue to a hip fracture, when a person did not wait for years, overcoming pain, the muscles will respond well to exercise and healing will be faster. If the disease that led to joint replacement developed slowly, the person did not rely on the injured leg for years - the muscles were most likely atrophied. We will have to teach them to work correctly, and it will take more time.
Only a doctor can properly coordinate the patient regarding suitable exercises that are useful to him. Having received a complex, exercises do three times a day.
In order to successfully begin and undergo rehabilitation after hip joint arthroplasty, one should not neglect simple exercises.
The goals to be conquered at this stage are as follows:
Those exercises that were done in the prone position,Now they are also performed in the standing position - training of the thigh muscles, gluteus muscles, foot work. Straighten the leg during the upright position of the body should be completely. It is important to try not to limp, it is better to take small steps. By the end of the fourth day, the achievement of rehabilitation after hip joint arthroplasty is considered to be a hundred-meter walk with walkers or crutches.
The weakness after the operation disappears, the patient canserve yourself and even do the exercises. Walking recommended length of not more than 150 meters to three times a day. It seems that everything is behind. However, at this stage there are overloads of the not fully healed joint, its injuries and other complications. There is a deceptive "belief in yourself" that can seriously fail.
Doctors advise:“Try to follow the rules of movement with the operated leg. Forbidden movements are not allowed. A pillow or roller is still placed between the legs, you can take anything from the bedside table without turning the case. Muscles and ligaments after the operation are weak, you should not rely on them.
The main goal of this period is to master walkingstairs up and down. This is a work for both muscles and joints. The first time will require outside assistance. When moving, it should be supported with the hand opposite to the operated leg. One step at a time. Rehabilitation after hip arthroplasty in the elderly may be delayed, in which case ladders should be avoided until recovery.
Rules for climbing and descending the stairs:
By the beginning of this period, the fabrics have grown togethergood enough to increase the load on the muscles and the joint. The goal of this phase is to learn to balance. This ensures a gradual transition from a crutch to a cane. Previously, you can not refuse a crutch. Standing on one leg, keep balance. Gradually, the exercise is complicated, but the first attempts should be under control. They train both legs.
Exercises on simulators:
Exercises should include resistance, whichgives elastic tape, it is attached to the ankle of the sick leg. Move forward, backward and sideways. They are performed 3 times a day 10 times. During the exercise, hold the back of the chair.
The essence of the exercises - stretching a fixed tape with an operated leg. This is how the right leg abduction is trained.
Walking with a cane for 5 - 10 minutes three times a day is effective. It builds muscle strength. Gradually walks increase and keep the habit of walking.
This stage leads to full recovery.Unfortunately, many people neglect the skills that are fixed in this stage. And then any non-standard situation (accident, slippage) will lead to disastrous consequences.
The goals at this stage are to walk up and down the stairs. Tilt forward, walking for a while from a sitting position (get up and go).
Training is useful to all, and especially peopleundergoing rehabilitation after total hip arthroplasty. They are doubly necessary to keep the muscles in good shape, and therapeutic exercises should become their companion for many years.
Exercises that are made from lying onback, fit all patients. They are easy to do at home. The complex has established itself as a classic set of necessary development of the muscles surrounding the hip joint.
Rehabilitation reviews after arthroplastyhip joint diverse. This is understandable: all people are different, the level of physical endurance, age, even heredity - everything plays a role. But one thing unites: those who prevailed over themselves, their laziness, and did the exercises - quickly restored their health. Some had only a month and a half before full recovery.
No wonder doctors repeat: everything has its time.Gradual build-up of strength and amplitude of movements yields positive results. Unfortunately, those patients who did not begin to perform the fourth phase of rehabilitation on the grounds that they could not do these exercises, being healthy, only began to move independently. They did not acquire greater confidence in the movements.
Self-donning, forgotten pains inback and limp, if you want to sit "leg on the leg" - it became possible after the operation. Gait rejuvenated. There was optimism. When asked whether to do the surgery, all patients as one say: it is. The main thing is to remember that one day of surgery will entail rehabilitation measures. And it takes time.
