The domestic lathe 16K20 refers tocategory of screw-cutting devices. Its release was established at the Krasny Proletary plant in 1973. Some parts were supplied by the Gomel Combine of machine components. A modern analogue of the machine in question is the GS526U unit. The main sphere of application of the device is industrial production, in private economy it is irrelevant because of its high cost and quite impressive dimensions.
The equipment in question is used forthread cutting (metric, modular, pitch, inch configuration) and some other turning operations. This unit was widely used in the industry of post-Soviet countries. Since production, the model was removed in 1989, but in the modern market, you can find an identical Chinese copy with the same nameplate.
The basic parameters of the lathe 16K20:
Lathe 16K20 refers to an expensiveequipment and requires appropriate care. First, let's get acquainted with its management. Handwheels and switches are controlled in manual mode. The unit is additionally equipped with a center tool holder, by means of which machined and manual feed openings are processed. In this case, the tailstock is not involved.
By moving the variable sledthe axis of the cutting tool and the spindle are interconnected. Before the processing is started, it is necessary to push the visor into the bracket until it stops. The handle of the cross slide serves to adjust the position of the torch's axis.
Lathes for metal 16K20 are equippeda rigid stop of the micrometric type responsible for longitudinal movement. On request we offer a device with an upper sled and a mechanical stroke. In addition, the device is provided for multi-pass threading and finishing of polyhedral parts. This unit includes a hydrocopy support, a tapered ruler and a tool holder.
The monolithic equipment base hasbox-shaped configuration with heated grinding guides. The box additionally serves for the assembly of chips, and is also a container responsible for cooling the working fluid.
In some cases, repairs orreplacement of individual parts of the lathe 16K20. Most often, repairs are carried out in the part of grinding the frame, replacing bearings or friction clutch gearbox. In the similar block of the control of transfers the gear gears and bearings more often change.
Fixing the apron is to replace the uterinenuts, bearings, polishing guide rails. When troubleshooting the calipers, the screws, nuts, wedges are changed, followed by grinding of the guide elements. If it is necessary to restore the efficiency of the tailstock, usually replace the quill, boring the working holes, perform the scraping of the guide parts. The overhaul also involves replacing the electrical filling, checking the accuracy and geometry of the unit, installing a cooling system.
The preparatory process includes a reviewequipment at idle. This allows you to identify noise and vibration moments at different positions of the spindle. At this stage, it is possible to process a prototype to determine the state of the supports. Such manipulation is mandatory, as it allows to detect defects that are practically not noticeable during operation.
Grinding is the cleaning of all projecting edges andpotholes on the surface of the core of the machine. The frame is mounted on a table, fixing on the inner corners. At this stage, it is necessary to accurately verify the parallel arrangement of the assembly with respect to the surface of the workbench. This can be done with the help of a building level. The frame is fixed by means of linings and screws with a deflection of 0.05 mm.
Some plants carry out a test hardeningthe machine by rolling. In some cases, hardening is additionally used, which increases the resistance of the component parts to wear. The repair method is chosen based on the degree of hardness of the guide parts and the available repair base.
The most popular ways to restore guides are the following options:
Scraping refers to the most laborious repair process, even with minimal wear and tear. In most cases, this manipulation is carried out mechanically, which gives a certain economic effect.
Grinding provides a high indexcleanliness and precision finishes. This method is optimal when working with hardened surfaces. Grinding makes it possible to increase productivity several times, in comparison with the operation of scraping. When working with hardened guiding elements, an additional finishing finish will be required.
Lathe for metal 16K20, the price of whichstarts from 850 thousand rubles came to replace the outdated version of 1K62. The new equipment has better characteristics. Users among the qualitative parameters of the equipment distinguish the following parameters:
The machine under consideration is processing orientedconical, cylindrical and non-standard surfaces. Users note the versatility of equipment, as the bases can be external and internal type. In addition, the unit serves for cutting various types of threads. Also, the owners point out the possibility of using the machine for processing end surfaces using cutters, drills, countersinks, taps and dies.
When purchasing the described equipment, please contactattention to the alphanumeric code in the model name. In the index, one indicates that the lathe is a machine, the number 6 is the ability to perform screw-cutting operations. The letter "K" in the name of the unit is a generation of machine tools, the last figure indicates the maximum height of the centers (220 mm). The presence in the name of the letter "P" indicates an increased accuracy of the device.
Lathe 16K20, reviews of which are givenabove, refers to high-precision equipment. Nevertheless, from time to time, like any technique, it requires repair. Most often, self-repair is to replace worn parts or grind potholes and sharp edges. Major repairs and more serious repair work should be entrusted to the master. It is necessary to check the carriage, apron and guiding elements after repair by level. Otherwise, the accuracy of the processing can be significantly impaired.
