Instead of modern toys were previously createdrag dolls with their own hands. Motanka is a special doll. With her help guarded the house, happiness, harvest, wealth, fertility, procreation. These guardian dolls were treated with caution, since the wrong symbol could harm a person, and in evil hands it was a powerful weapon against a foe.
Obereg - the main role of these dolls. They were first found in Ukraine, and then in Mordovia, Russia, and Uzbekistan ... The same features for all dolls were as follows:
All these features of making dolls haveexplanation. The peoples believed that evil spirits attract all sharp objects, and if you make a charm with a needle and scissors, you can open the way to the soul for impure forces.
Therefore, both the doll and the clothes were made without a needle andscissors, from small flaps. For the festive dresses previously taken beautiful scraps. It is now needlewomen embroider clothes with all sorts of patterns, before they were decorated with a needle they did not use.
The face could also become a "portal" for evil spirits, that's why all the people at the dolls wrapped the amulet with a thread amulet. More often it was a square symbol from multi-colored threads or a bandage on the forehead.
The main hope and purpose of the Slavic peopleswere in fertility. He was associated not only with a good harvest in the fields, but also with an increase in the number of livestock, childbearing. That's why the ears made dolls with their own hands. Motanka promoted the harvest. For this, two bundles of straw were taken: the first was bent in half and bandaged a third to form the neck and head. The second bundle was inserted between the halves of the first and re-bandaged. As a result, the image of the doll was obtained.
It was important to use straw, whichsymbolized wealth and harvest. Towards the end of winter they made a special doll - Shrovetide, but they made it the same way as a motanka without sharp-piercing tools, using all symbols of fertility (straw, birch branches, red ribbons).
The difference between Maslenitsa and Motanka was only in timetheir manufacture. The first doll was made only on the Maslenitsa holiday, the second one at any time. The first amulet was usually burned at the stake as the main element of the ritual, and the motankas were more often kept and inherited.
Also, the motank doll was made for the continuation of the genus,to protect the house, to maintain a happy and peaceful relationship in the family. Each goal had its own sign and color. For example, to protect the house from evil spirits, blue and blue were used, and for the continuation of the family red color was used.
Newlyweds and childless couples were givena doll-motanka made of cloth with an infant or a small doll designating a child. In all variants, female amulet was done. Only to strengthen family relationships newlyweds gave paired dolls, denoting husband and wife.
In contrast to domestic Carnival, Motanka immediatelyRemoved from other people's eyes in the chests. They could not be thrown out even through generations, as they were considered the guardians of the family hearth. At the birth of the child, other puppets were made.
When feeding the baby in a cloth wrappedcrumb bread, to remove spoilage or the evil eye in the cradle, put a brighter guard. During the illness we made a motanka, which will take with it ailment. Dolls who took a bad eye, a disease, were not kept in the house, they were burned or buried in the ground.
Take a piece of cloth and roll it tight intube, then fold it several times to create a rectangular base for the head. In a white flap, put this rectangle and tie it with threads - the head and neck turned out. Then use the thread to wind (do not embroider!) The cross with yellow, blue and blue threads. First, in a single color, do a vertical wrap, then horizontal, then do the same with other threads on either side of the resulting strip. All the unevenness is hidden on the wrong side.
Now take your head, wrap around the neckthe same thread a few centimeters. With the help of rags "plant" the head on the body and tightly wrap the thread. Next, you dress the doll in a shirt, skirt, apron, which you make of the flaps of blue and blue shades. At the last stage, you put on a doll a necklace and a handkerchief.
Now consider how to make wedding dollsown hands. Motanka in this situation will be "bisexual", that is, we will make both a man and a woman. They can be made separately for the same technology as in the first case. And you can make it whole to emphasize peace and harmony in the relationship.
For this, we roll a long tube, which withwe sew the two sides with threads. This will be the hands of two dolls. Next, make a tube of cloth for the growth of the bride. You tie it first in the head region, then drag through the halves of the "hand" and wind the loops around the "chest". To the head was rounder, in the middle of the tube put a piece of sintepon.
On the groom's side, tie a stripedFlat fabric, halves of which extend. It will be pants. On top make the head and body from a short tube, just like a bride. Then put on your bride a shirt, skirts, apron, handkerchief, and on the groom - a shirt, belt, hat, boots (with a black cloth wrapped over striped and bandaged with threads).
In order for a family to have many children, there must be a motorcycle doll in the house. The master class for its manufacture is quite simple.
To keep the idyll in the family, you can doparents with children. That is, make wedding dolls-motanki (photo of the "groom" and "bride" see above), and beside them place "kiddies" or tie them to the mother.
Previously, ancient peoples motanka were madesolely as a guardian - for the protection of the home, family relations, for the birth of children, from the evil eye, etc. They were mastered without needles and scissors: the cloth was torn to the rags with hands, and the symbols were wound with threads. The dolls were without a face, in their place was a protective symbol. In them there was a certain color: blue - protection from impure spirits, red - for wealth and offspring.
Currently, you can make such souvenirdolls with their own hands. Motanka will be more accurate and elegant, if the clothes are embroidered with a pattern, and decorate the head with genuine braids made of flax or thread. Such a doll can become not only an amulet, but also an excellent toy for children.
