/ / Biological resources of the Azov Sea and their use by man

Biological resources of the Sea of ​​Azov and their use by man

According to scientists, even in the first halfthe biological resources of the Sea of ​​Azov were so high that they had no equal among all other water bodies of the World Ocean. Today, the productivity of the sea is significantly reduced. The basis of industrial potential is the fish stocks, which are represented by 79 species and subspecies. But many of them no longer have commercial importance due to a sharp reduction in the number.

Running fish species

Feature of representatives of this groupThe inhabitants of the pond is that they do not leave the sea waters until puberty. After this, the individuals are sent to spawn for rivers. The whole process of spawning takes one to two months.

Sea of ​​Azov Description
Biological resources of the Sea of ​​Azov distinguish the presence of such valuable commercial fish species as stellate sturgeon, beluga, sturgeon, herring, shmoy, fish. All of them belong to the category of checkpoints.

Beluga is considered to be the largest fish migratingto spawn in rivers. In the recent past, the species was not considered rare, but is now listed in the Red Data Book. In addition to the Azov Sea, it lives in the Caspian and the Black Sea. Azov beluga for breeding often rises along the Don river. Kuban for spawning is used by sturgeon less.

Semi-transitory fish species

Pike perch, ram, bream, Chekhon - these are the names of fish,belonging to the category of semi-passages, there are twelve of them in the group. They, as well as representatives of through species, go to the spawning from the sea to the rivers. But the difference is that the entire process in semi-passages takes a long time, sometimes up to a year. In addition, the young can stay in the rivers for the entire winter period.

One of the representatives of this category of fishis a pike perch. A fairly common species, found in the basin not only of the Azov, but also of the Baltic, Caspian, Black, Aral Sea. Sudak is a large predator, feeding on invertebrates and small fish. The size of the adult can reach one meter in length, and the mass is usually 10-15 kilograms.

Marine species

Biological resources of the Azov Sea are largely represented by this group of fish. There are 47 representatives in the category.

use of natural resources
Marine species of fish include pilengas, gobies,Flounder-kalkan, fish-needles, glossa, perkarina, tulka, three-eyed cat. The peculiarity of these fish of the Sea of ​​Azov is that they constantly inhabit saline waters. Here there is reproduction, the appearance of juveniles, the attainment of their sexual maturity.
Pilengas is one of the most common inhabitantsseas. It is interesting that it was specially brought into the pool about 40-50 years ago. In a fairly short period, I managed to successfully acclimatize, and already today the fish belongs to commercial species. The dimensions of the pilengas are impressive - up to 150 centimeters in length at a weight of up to 12 kilograms.

Migratory fish species

Describing the biological resources of the Azov Sea,it is necessary to mention the breeds that make permanent migrations. Such species of sea fish as the Azov and Black Sea anchovy, herring, sinhil, loban, horse mackerel, mullet, wolf, Black Sea kalkan, mackerel, regularly change their habitats, crossing from the Black Sea to the Sea of ​​Azov or vice versa.

fish of the sea of ​​azov
Of the four known varieties of goatfish inthe pool is inhabited only by one of them. Fish kept flocks in the bottom waters. In the upper layers of the seabed finds small animals that are forage for goat meat. Fish has commercial value.

Freshwater species

Стерлядь, уклея, серебряный карась, язь, щука belong to freshwater fish, despite their habitat in sea waters. Belonging to the group is explained by the fact that they inhabit the desalinated waters of the sea. For this reason, the fish do not make large migrations. In total, there are 13 species in the category.

Use of natural resources

Сегодня состояние экологии Азовского моря alarming experts. Reckless use of natural resources, intensive reduction of river flow led to a fourfold decrease in fish species. Their total number decreased by 10-15 times. These dramatic changes in the ecosystem occurred in less than 80 years, they are associated exclusively with human activities.

biological resources of the Sea of ​​Azov
Since 2000, fishing for sturgeonfish is prohibited due to a sharp reduction in the number of species. The Azov Sea is also included in the list of water bodies where the ban is in force. The description of fish species that require careful treatment, unfortunately, is not limited to sturgeon. Flounder, mullet, too, have lost their commercial value.

The waters of the Sea of ​​Azov are used ineconomic purposes by two states - Russia and Ukraine. The well-being of the region depends on the coherence of their actions, as well as the improvement of the ecological situation in the entire basin.

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