Mount Magnetic, or Atach, is the mountain of the SouthUrals, located on the left bank of the Ural River, near the city of Magnitogorsk. Here Magnitogorsk iron ore deposit was discovered, and the mountain was used for a long time as a source of raw materials. Most of it is dumped. At present, the highest point of the summit of Mount Magnetic is 616 meters. What is this mountain object? What is it? Where is Magnetic Mountain? What is the history of exploration of the mountainous terrain and the discovery of iron ore deposits? What mysterious side of the mountain? Ancient legends associated with the mountain Atach. About this amazing and mysterious mountain of the Southern Urals and will be discussed in the article.
Bashkirs have a legend associated with this mountainterrain. There was such a batyr Atach, and he was brave and brave. Once he was bored to wander through the mountains and valleys of his native land, and he decided to find out that where the sun rises. He gathered and rode east. Suddenly a huge mountain appeared in front of him, which had several peaks. She laid down like a multi-humped giant camel. He jumped to the mountain and froze: so she impressed him. Its tops were not visible, so high it was. But then a batyr saw a herd of wild goats, he let go of the arrow into the herd, but when she reached the mountain, she fell directly on the boulder, as if drawn by an unknown force. Atach jumped after his arrow. Approaching the block, he felt as if something was attracting him to her. He stuck to the stone with his horse and turned himself into a stone lump. Since then they nicknamed the mountain - Atach, in honor of the batyr.
Magnetic Mountain is a collection of several mountains: Magnetic (Uzyanka), Dalnaya, Atach, Berezovaya, Yezhovka. The area of the mountain complex is about 25 kilometers square.
There is a mountain in the sandstone belt andlimestones of the Lower Carboniferous age. The thicknesses of sedimentary rocks are broken by volcanic (diabases and granites). On the contact of igneous rocks with sedimentary deposits of magnetic iron ore.
Near the mountain the Cossack Magnetic Station was developing,which was founded in 1743, as a supporting fortress of the Orenburg region. In the Soviet years, the city of Magnitogorsk and a metallurgical plant were built.
Mount Magnetic in people has always been considered veryunusual and mysterious. Such superstitious ideas are connected with the fact that the reserves of the magnetic iron ore, with which it is rich, made themselves felt. Even in ancient times, villagers noticed that almost no animals live on the mountain, birds fly by its side.
Now, of course, understand this strange behavior of animals - they are very susceptible to magnetic waves and magnetic radiation, but at that time people, seeing such strange behavior of animals and birds, were frightened and tried to avoid the mountain side.
After many years, when already in the arsenal of manthere were compasses, it turned out that in the immediate vicinity of the mountain the compass needle is deflected. Thus, one of the world's largest deposits of magnetic iron ore was discovered, at the same time the mountain got its name - Magnetic. Almost immediately, the development of the field began, and in 1930 a large city was built nearby - Magnitogorsk - and industrial extraction of iron ore began.
In 1747, geological researchers orderedindustrialist Tverdysheva I.B. conducted a study of the mountain, whose purpose was to determine whether enough ore for the construction of iron ore plant. In 1752, Mr .. Tverdyshev filed an application to the office of the Orenburg province on securing him a deposit on Mount Atach.
The first professional researchers of Mount Magnitnaya were Hofmann E. and Helmersen G. in 1828.
However, it should be noted that the Bashkirs extracted ore in ancient times and used it to make weapons.
In 1752 the office of the Orenburg provinceissued a permit under which Myasnikov and Tverdyshev had the right to develop a mine. The construction of the plant began, on which the ore from the Magnetic Mountain was subsequently transported.
In 1759, the first delivery of raw materials to the plant took place. The extraction of ore was a very primitive way: in summer it was collected on the surface, piled up in heaps, and in winter it was exported with sledges.
The Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works wasIt was opened in 1931. A railway was built, the rock was loaded into railway trains and delivered to a metallurgical plant. In the same year, industrial mining began. By the end of the year, its volumes amounted to about 6 tons of ore per day.
Before the war, the mine produced about 50million tons of ore. During the war years it was the main iron ore base of the whole country. The main part of the mine's team at that terrible time consisted of teenagers.
In 1979, 500 million tons of iron ore were mined. But gradually the extraction moved from Mount Magnitnaya to Maly Kuibas, the volume of production here fell to 1 million tons per year.
In 1971, the anniversary of the production of the first tonore from the Magnitogorsk mine, on the top of the mountain was opened a monument dedicated to his 40th birthday. It is a bucket of an excavator with a lump of ore. At the base of the monument are two blocks of iron ore.
The mountain is a symbol of the city, it gave all its treasures and riches to people, and when it retired, local historians and archaeologists began to study it.
Here was found a map of constellations on rockyimpregnations. Archaeologists suppose that there used to be an ancient city, similar to the city of Arkaim. It is assumed that there was an ancient temple and an observatory. It is possible that the mountain was closely connected with the city of Arkaim, since they are very close to each other.
If you look at the Magnetic Mountain from above, itsimilar to the silhouette of a lying person. The mountain is considered a special place of power, many legends and legends are associated with it, some of them resemble the exploits of Hercules.
Currently, local lore and archeologists are trying to get the status of a nature reserve for the mountain and to start full-scale archaeological research.
Who knows what secrets this amazing, interesting, rich and mysterious Magnetic Mountain still keeps.
