All students know that to take the scientificThe work for testing the teacher is necessary according to all the rules of its writing. However, the question often arises as to how to properly form footnotes in course work. I want to tell about this now.
First of all, I must say that if I stood upcertain question regarding the preparation of the course work, it is best to turn to the standard GOST 7.1-2003. It identifies all the requirements for the design of various scientific papers, including information that there should be footnotes in such documents. However, unfortunately the majority, in GOST absolutely there is no explanation to how correctly to make all. This document is intended more for the library design of the list of literature.
But what about the student who wishesindependently understand how to make footnotes in the course? Everything is simple, you need to turn to the employees of your department for help or take the requirements directly from the attached teacher. Since there is no complete information on the design of footnotes in the GOST, each specialist has the right to independently establish his requirements for the design of various parts of scientific work of his students.
Many people may be interested in information about how,why do we need footnotes in the course work, than they help. So, it is worth recalling that every independent work should be unique in its content. Of course, you can use different literature, but the essence of the writing course - the analysis of information received, its interpretation and individual filing. If you want to use a quote or insert a passage from another literature, you must include a reference to the source. If this is not done, the student can easily be accused of plagiarism, and the work is recognized as written off. And this is much worse than getting a deuce for your course (you can at least fix it).
It is worth mentioning that there are two types of footnotes in the course work:
1. Subscript (information about the source from which the quote is taken is at the bottom of the page, under the text itself).
2.Inline (the source data are given immediately after the quotation in square brackets). They have two digits. The first: the number of the source in the list of literature, the second: the source page, in which the quote is placed.
If there are no special requirements, footnotes are made out by any of these methods. However, most often educational institutions prefer more convenient in-line footnotes.
Everyone must have seen how they look in the readyversion of footnotes. Near the last word in the quote before the quotes is a small tsiferka (for example, 1). Further, at the very end of this sheet, under the small letters, a full explanation will be given of which source the quote was taken (author's name, title of the book, publisher, year), and the number (or number) of the page is indicated. In order to independently make such footnotes you only need to use the capabilities of MS Word competently. The algorithm of action will be as follows:
- on the toolbar (located at the top of the working window) you need to find the "Insert" tab;
- then there to find the item "Footnotes and references";
- independently set the footnote format: choose a numbering on each page (in this version the footnotes will be placed at the end of each page on which they are located).
However, it should be said that for the latest versions of the "Vord" the algorithm will be somewhat different:
- all on the same toolbar you need to find the "Links" tab;
- then find the subitem "Footnotes";
- click on the item "Insert footnote" and enter information about the source manually.
It is worth remembering that footnotes in the course workPut only when the quotation is taken from the source verbatim. If it is written in free quotation, but the essence of words is still borrowed, the design of the footnotes in this version will be somewhat different. It will be necessary before writing the source to write the following phrase: "See. about it". Those. the author points out that more detailed information about this can be found in a certain source.
Example: "See. about this: Ivanov II General theory of the development of life on the planet. M .: BioLit, 2000. p. 19".
Similarly, severalreferences from which the information presented in the course work is taken in the same way. They will be served after the same phrase, one-line, through the semicolon.
So, we next discuss the design of the footnotes incourse work. It was said above that there are two options. It's worth mentioning that it's much easier to display in-line footnotes than subscripts, because you do not need to use any additional functions, everything is done manually. It is only necessary to know that they must be placed in square brackets immediately after the quotation is written (before the point at the end of the line). Here it is important to remember two nuances:
1. First comes the source number, from which the quotation is taken (according to the list of literature), after the figure, a semicolon is placed.
2. Next you need to specify pages. According to the requirements, the figure may be preceded by the designation "with.", And maybe not. If the quote is written on several pages, it should also be specified.
It is also very important to give examples of footnotes in the course work. So, how they can look like:
1. [12; p.22];
2. w12; 22;
3. [12; from. 22-23];
4. w12; 22-23.
All these options are inherentlycorrect. But again I want to recall that all the nuances of the design of footnotes should be clarified from the teacher or the staff of the department, so that later there would be no questions or complaints.
Understanding how to make out footnotes in the coursework, it is worth remembering that there may be certain difficulties. The first of them appears when the list of literature is not yet fully prepared in the process of editing the footnotes. If you change the last number, some sources will automatically change. Therefore, it is important to remember that you also need to change the numbers in footnotes, otherwise the information will not correspond to reality. Therefore, when writing a draft (or working version of the course) and before the complete list of literature in square brackets is best to indicate not the source number, and the author's surname (this will be much easier to fix later).
Having read all the above information, it is worth remembering a few simple, however important rules, how to make footnotes in the course:
1. When formulating the footnotes, one must take into account the nature of the citation (complete borrowing of the text or its interpretation).
2. It is important to remember the internal requirements of the school for the design of footnotes.
3. When making footnotes, it is important to remember the rules for the design of the literature: for an article, a monograph and a source, they are somewhat different.
4. Subscript footnotes are easier to change (because they are affixed automatically), rather than in-line. However, as for the design, the second option is easier, because it does not require special knowledge of MS Word functions.
We described in detail the design of footnotes in the course,as you see, nothing complicated or supernatural. It is worth only once to try to do everything yourself, and you can be sure that there are no difficulties in their compilation.
