Semantic particles. Their features

In this article we will introduce you to the semanticparticles. We will tell you what they serve, what role they perform. We give examples of sentences containing semantic particles. We consider different groups of particles, explain the meaning of each of them. Learning to distinguish them from homonymous and other words

Acquaintance with particles

So, let's begin.A particle is an official part of speech that can make emotional shades or serves to form special forms of words. The particles do not change, they are not members of the sentence. In Russian there are many particles. There are no clear requirements for their memorization. It is necessary to be able to see them in the text and distinguish them from other official parts of speech and homonymous words (for example, adverbs).

Particles and homonyms

Recall that the homonyms are words thatare the same in writing and are the same in sound, but different in meaning. Here are a few simple examples: a bow (weapon) and an onion (plant), a spit (mowing grass) and a braid (hair from the hair), swords (plural from the word sword) and swords (from the verb) throw).

It is important to learn to see particles in the text, to be able to distinguish them from other words. We give such examples.

Give him a drop of hope, and he will do a lot for you.

In this context, the word come on is not a particle, but a verb form to give.

And now let your boat down the river.

Here is also the word let him can not be a particle, here this word is a verb form to start up.

The role of particles in the sentence

What are the semantic particles for?To convey an additional semantic meaning. Also, these semantic elements exist to express the attitude of the speaking subject, strengthen his emotions, place the necessary accents in the sentence. We give examples of semantic elements.

• She arrived.
• Had she come?
• She is unlikely to come.
• Only she came?

Semantic elements in these sentences add shades, as can be seen from the examples given.

Groups and the importance of particles

There are such groups:the semantic particles that emphasize the emotionality of the said (approximately, here), the modal (well, yes) and the formative particles, which in turn are needed to form special forms of the word, can convey various grammatical meanings (yes, yes).

We will pay special attention to semantic particles.

The meaning of semantic elements is that they can indicate, reinforce the meaning of what has been said. They are divided into such groups:

1. Indicative (here, here, so, this, in).

We give an example in the sentence.

• That's how we get the long-awaited result of our work.
• That's exactly what I wanted to say.
• This is the best day of my life.
• There, give me that glass.

2. Exclusive and restrictive (only, only, just, just, just). For example:

• Only you can understand the course of my thought.
• Our trip was simply unforgettable.
• Only a small stroke complements the overall picture.

3. Amplification (even, even, even, simply, straight). We give examples.

• Just great news.
• Even a strong wind did not spoil my mood.
• For many years I will be able to come to visit you.

4. Definitively-specifying (just, almost, almost). Here are some examples.

• These flowers were the most beautiful.
• Just this case was decisive.
• People respected Basil precisely for honesty.

5. Interrogatives (really, unless, whether, eh).

• Is the result of your work unjustified?
• How can you be so irresponsible?
• Is it possible to forget you?
• Is the mirror to blame, if the face is crooked? (proverb).

6. Negative (no, no, not at all, not at all, not at all).

• It was not necessary for me to write letters.
• Far from the most negative examples of this work.
• They were sitting far from their desks, but in frozen trenches.

7. Exclamations (what for, well and how).

• How beautiful this world is!
• What a beauty this music is!
• Well, you surprised me!
• What a miracle these tales!
• How the air is clean!

8. With the value of doubt (hardly, hardly, supposedly).

• It is unlikely that we will go to rest in August.
• There is hardly enough fabric to fit the costume.
• You have supposedly bad.

Difference of particles from other words. The ability to find them in the text. Examples

It is very important to be able to distinguish semantic elements fromother parts of speech. To do this, remember that they can not ask a question. This is their main difference from adverbs. But one should not exaggerate the meaning of the semantic elements, just as one should not forget that excessive use of particles leads to clogging of speech, and, importantly, the loss of its semantic meaning.

So, we give examples of semantic particles in sentences.

He turned into an alley and went straight. Ask a question to the word straight. Went (where?) straight. Straight - This is an adverb, since in this sentence one can put a question to this word.

This is just some kind of miracle! In this sentence to the word straight the question cannot be put, therefore in this sentence the word straight we can refer to particles of the amplification value.

Let us give some more examples.

Not all students memorize material equally easily. Put the question to the word just. Memorize (how?) just. In this sentence the word just is an adverb.

Now we will construct the sentence in such a way that it is simply impossible to put a question to the word.

It is just incredibly difficult to remember a new material.

In this sentence, the word just plays the role of a semantic particle of an amplifying meaning.

Let's give one more example. I spent only one hour on my homework. In this sentence, the word Total is semantic.

Now we construct the sentence so that the word of everything becomes, for example, a pronoun. He was afraid of everything.