/ / From the wasteland to the cultural quarter: Theater Square of St. Petersburg

From the vacant lot to the cultural quarter: Theater Square of St. Petersburg

Театральная площадь в Санкт-Петербурге начиналась from a huge wasteland between the Moika, Griboedovsky and Kryukov canals. A merchant from Holland, Semyon Brumberg, who lived on the nearby Proviantska Street, installed sawmills in the wasteland in the middle of the 18th century. The energy of windmills and water mills was used for sawing logs and making building materials. For a while, the wasteland was named Brumberg (1765-1770 gg.).

However, a few years later, afterthe construction of entertainment booth, it was called the Carousel. Here you could ride the attractions and see the performances of horses in a large wooden amphitheater with benches. Horse games (which were then called "carousels") were held on a round arena, similar to circus.

theatre square
When the booth decayed, in its place erectedthe building of the first Russian musical theater. A large stone building was built according to the project of the leading city architect Antonio Rinaldi, one of the authors of St. Isaac's Cathedral. Three times a week the metropolitan beau monde of that time gathered for performances. The theater burned several times and was repeatedly rebuilt. The space in front of him, without further ado, began to be called "the square of the Stone Theater" or "The Great Square in front of the Kamenny Theater."

Современное название – Театральная площадь – was fixed only since 1812. At the end of the century, in the place of the Stone Theater, the architect Vladimir Nikolay designed and built the building of the first higher musical institution in Russia - the St. Petersburg Conservatory. Her graduates were Peter Tchaikovsky, Sergei Prokofiev, Dmitry Shostakovich, Georgy Sviridov. Here they taught Rimsky-Korsakov and Rubinstein. Today, the Conservatory continues to accept the musically gifted young people.

The name "Teatralnaya" was preserved for the area inconnection with the fact that in the 40 years of the XIX century, in front of the old theater was built the so-called circus theater, designed by architect Albert Kavos. He provided for a round scene in the building, suitable for both circus performances and theatrical productions.

Unfortunately, the building burned down.Twelve years later it was rebuilt and received a sonorous name, now known throughout the world - the Mariinsky Theater, in honor of the wife of the Russian Emperor Alexander II, Maria Feodorovna. In the Soviet years, the theater was named after SM Kirov. Sharp-tongued Petersburgers dubbed him TOBIK (Opera and Ballet Theater named after Kirov). His address (Theater Square St. Petersburg, House 1) is known to many theater lovers around the world. Here, in the Mariinsky, Shalyapin and Ulanova, Pavlova and Nureyev shone.

В конце XIX века Театральная площадь была reconstructed, it appeared monuments to the composer "storyteller" Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov and the ancestor of the Russian classics Mikhail Glinka. It is interesting that the opera "Life for the Tsar" became the premiere performance in both theaters - Kamenny and Mariinsky.

The theater square is surrounded by residential buildings andadministrative buildings, which are also monuments of architecture of the XIX century. So, the mansion at the address: Theater Square, house number 4, belonged to the St. Petersburg architect Egor Sokolov and was erected on his project. Later, the house was owned by other people. Shortly before his death in the apartment number 18 during the year lived the famous artist Mikhail Vrubel. It was in this building that the painter worked on the paintings "Pearl" and "After the concert."

theatrical area of ​​St. Petersburg
House number 8 belonged to a nobleman, writer andto the translator Nikita Vsevolozhsky. It was in this building that members of the famous literary society "The Green Lamp", including AS Pushkin, gathered for their meetings. In one of the halls of the mansion under the light of a green lamp, future Decembrists and freethinkers discussed art, history and politics.

In the house number 14 lived an outstanding man - NicholasSemenovich Mordvinov, a Russian naval commander and statesman. He was considered the best economist of the early XIX century. He was the only member of the Criminal Court over the Decembrists who did not sign the death sentence for them. In the building there were Zhukovsky and Karamzin, future Decembrists and Lermontov. The children's hospital No. 17 was in the house for a long time, now it is being rebuilt for a four-star hotel with underground parking.

Many buildings on Theater Squarerefers to the so-called tenement houses, that is, multi-apartment buildings, the premises in which were rented out and brought a good income to the owner. At various times, apartments in these apartment buildings were rented by people who make up the pride of Russian history and culture. Thus, the well-known artist and director Vsevolod Meyerhold lived in the apartment building of S. I. Andreev (Theater Square, 2) for five years, and ballet dancer Avdotya Istomin lived in the apartment building of von Kister (Theater Square, 16), whose "soul performed the flight "sang Pushkin.

Theater Square 2

Площадь хранит память о людях, ходивших по ней.She still has a special spirit. In the house number 10 is the Italian Institute of Culture, and even cafes and restaurants are focused on lovers of classical music and painting. Their interiors are intelligent (piano, chess, paintings, discreet pastel colors), and the names fascinate: "The Nutcracker", "Sadko", "Noble Nest", "Behind the Scene", "Boheme".

Планируется, что в ближайшие годы Театральная the square will become a real “cultural quarter” of the second Russian capital: the second stage of the Mariinsky Theater is under construction, in 2015-16 it is planned to open the square of the same name metro station.

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