Fire resistant cable has been used for many years.power supply. Previously, it was made on the basis of basalt threads, fiberglass, mica and other materials that are not subject to burning. Production required time-consuming, and the design was quite difficult. At the same time, the high cost limited the scope of application: it could be found only at strategic sites.
When installing power supply systems alwaysOf particular importance was the fire safety of cable lines and wiring. Overloading lines and their malfunction often lead to fires. An extensive network of communications can provide not only the ease of use of energy consumers, but also the spread of flame throughout the structure.
Standard wiring during combustioncharacterized by a significant heat release, and the value may increase depending on the mass and materials used for the shell and insulation. At the same time, asphyxiating gaseous products are released, which makes it difficult to evacuate people and the risk of poisoning by toxic and corrosive substances increases.
Today, fire safety regulations have become morestrict among the innovations worth noting the prescription, indicating the need to use fire-resistant wiring, such as cable FRLS, YnKY and other options, to equip the mechanisms for protection against fire. The functioning of such elements remains unchanged even with the spread of fire throughout the building. Emergency lighting, warning systems must continue to work for a long time to ensure the evacuation of the victims.
Currently created materials thatpossess sufficient characteristics, among them silicones of the Wacker brand. Devices based on them, remain operational even when exposed to temperatures above 1000 degrees. This is possible due to the insulating surface made of special rubber, which at a certain temperature range forms a dense ceramic layer. In addition to the high level of protection, a fire-resistant cable based on it has a relatively low cost.
Ignition wiring, short circuit in the network leads tospread of fire and possible human casualties. These problems are not the only ones; no less attention should be paid to the maximum preservation of working capacity and, as a result, the long-term functioning of ventilation devices and fire extinguishing systems.
Due to the fact that the fire alarm cablefor a long time remained an expensive element, differing in complexity in installation, it began to acquire extensive distribution quite recently, therefore today only a small fraction of buildings is equipped with similar products. Products made of silicone or glass mica are laid in much the same way as standard wiring. This is relevant not only for architects and electricians, but also for real estate companies, since the creation of such a network takes less financial investments.
There are two main types with certain advantages and disadvantages:
FRLS cable has a sheath ofpolyvinyl chloride compositions that do not contain halogen components. Products based on special rubber are distinguished by high flexibility, which provides an easy installation, which has practically no differences from the usual elements.
When spreading fire suffers not onlywiring, but also reinforcing elements used for its installation, in particular, ducts, clamps and trays. That is why their resistance to fire should have an appropriate level and be checked in advance.
Fire Prevention, Alarm andevacuation controls should be equipped with special devices that are able to maintain their long-term performance and increase the quality of performance of all necessary measures. At the design stage of the building, the operation of lines and fire protection systems is calculated in accordance with the time interval allocated for evacuation. To prevent the occurrence of unforeseen situations, fire-resistant wiring should be used, for example, KPSEng-FRLS, which will increase the time of safe evacuation. The minimum value for high-rise buildings is 1.5 hours, for objects with an average number of floors - 1 hour, for small buildings - 30 minutes.
Modern technology development has providedgreater availability of non-combustible connecting elements, thanks to which the sphere of their use has become much wider. Fire-resistant cable has become widespread in the creation of such systems as:
Connection cable fire resistantwhich starts from 8 rubles per meter, wired elements and loops in fire alarm systems should be made by separate wires with copper-based conductors. Electrical loops are most often connected by wiring, in some cases control panels require the use of other types of cables.
Если пожарная защита не имеет автоматизированного control, can be used dedicated connected lines. In this case, the elements connected to the system components must have resistance to temperature effects, corresponding to the values of the minimum operation time at the specified location. The increase in fire resistance is possible by selecting more modern types of wiring and choosing the optimal place of installation.
Efficiency of the SOUE should be providedlines that are more stringent requirements. In accordance with the established rules, connecting elements should be placed in mounting channels and structures made of special materials that are not subject to burning. At the same time laying of fire-resistant cables can be carried out without the use of boxes with additional stability, they are presented on the Russian market in a sufficient range and approved for use.
The requirements for connecting elements are high, among which the main ones are as follows:
Современный ассортимент соединительных и Cable goods available in stores are represented by a large number of items with different functions and characteristics. There are both domestic manufacturers producing such products as VVGngd, VVGng FRLS, and foreign brands providing an extensive choice of various options, for example, halogen-free wiring FLAME-X 950, FLAME-X950, as well as N2XH and YnKY.
Products have an average price category, which contributes to the expansion of their use. Cables are able to ensure the reliability of both fire systems and other devices under fire conditions.
The materials sold by FireKab differ widely enough; an extensive range is represented by quality elements, making it difficult to choose.
Russian-made products are no less popular, the KPSVV line is leading among them - it has an acceptable price and high quality that meets foreign standards.
Posting CPSEng-FRLS was the first product amongdomestic products with a flint-organic protection, which acquired serial production. Currently, this company produces large batches of products designed to ensure the functioning of fire-fighting systems. This series meets all established standards and is actively used in popular fire prevention systems, this was achieved by the formation of high-quality interfacing and communication of existing components. The fire-resistant cable OPS has a pair twist, symmetry and is used to create a stationary extensive network.
VVGng-FRLS cables area variety of products resistant to temperature effects, they are made from special plasticizers, characterized by the absence of halogen additives. They retain a coherent structure in an open flame and high temperature range, it is also possible to use power to provide electrical installations necessary to eliminate fires. These products are laid in rooms with a high level of explosion hazard and in buildings for which compliance with high safety requirements is required. Various communications and systems using such cables can operate for more than 3 hours.
