Sediment drainage - quite oftenthe question that arises in the construction of houses. First of all, I want to know how to organize the system so that the water does not fill the foundation and the facade. However, it should not fall on the heads of casual passers-by. All of these questions can be given a fairly simple answer: it is necessary to erect gutters. The instructions that follow will help you avoid many problems during the installation process.
This should be done beforeto assemble the roof and gutters. In this case, it is necessary to make measurements and make calculations. The lead system can consist of metal or PVC-elements. Let us consider them in detail.
Such a system is considered the cheapestoption. She is most often used by housing and communal organizations. In most cases, the galvanized system is severely damaged. This is due to the frequent cleaning of the roof from icicles, ice and snow. If scrap is used, galvanized steel is a more economical option.
It should be noted that the installation of guttershands using elements of galvanized steel is very rarely done in private construction. In most such cases, the following materials are used:
Copper gully is able to give the house a special charm.However, it is most often used in elite construction and on the appropriate roofs. A metal system having a polymer coating should be selected taking into account the tone of the facade or roof. This system is not afraid of frost at all. However, it is worth noting that it creates noise. Metal lead elements are used in those houses that have a roof made of a similar material. The installation of plastic drains is advisable to conduct when, as a coating, flexible tiles are used.
Installation of elements must be carried out bytechnologies. This depends on the reliability and security of the roof. For the house, you can use an internal or external structure. In regions where a harsh climate prevails, it is recommended to use the first option. In addition, the installation of internal gutters can be carried out on flat roofs. In this case the slope is equipped. It should be directed towards the inner hopper.
Installation of downpipes inside the room has its own nuances. First of all, you need to observe the distance from the walls.
Installation of gutters with their own hands implies the use of the following elements:
Precipitation of this system enters the showersewerage. It is required to comply with SNiP 2.04.01-85. Gutter installation by own hands of external type is made if storm sewerage in the house is not provided. Also, you should pay attention to the fact that moisture does not blur the nearby area. Installation of drains by their own hands is carried out according to the plan. It must be completed before the roof arrangement begins. Many begin the installation of gutters with their own hands, when the construction and finishing of the house are completed. In fact, this approach is wrong.
The drainage external system consists of the following three parts:
Fastening of the latter is carried out with the help of hooks or staples. The pipe is mounted by means of pins with clamps.
In most cases, such gutterstructures are made of galvanized steel. This option has alternatives. It is a complete gutter roof system. Currently, it is widely proposed by modern manufacturers. In the case of choosing the second option, there is no need for independent production of gutters. You can buy plastic or metal structures that have a different cross-section:
This can be started after the final selection of materials. A calculation of the system is required, which consists of the following elements:
First of all, it is necessary to take into accountroof area. This is an indicator of the number of funnels and the diameter of the chute. The complexity of the roof structure also affects this factor. It is recommended to entrust accurate calculations to specialists. However, you can cope with this task and yourself. It is necessary to take into account all the recommendations.
For small buildings (the area of which - up to 70 square meters.m) requires pipes with a diameter of up to 75 mm, and gutters - up to 120 mm. The average size of the roofs is up to 110 square meters. m. Large structures (the roof area of which is more than 110 square meters) suggest gutters with a width of up to 200 mm. The cross section of the pipe can reach 160 mm. Recommended slope gutters in the system - up to 5 mm per 1 m.
It is best to start editing beforethe process of laying the roof. However, the reverse option is used quite often. First of all, the brackets are fixed to the rafter system or the front board. Depending on the material, their distance is calculated. In some cases, additional brackets are required for corners and funnels. It is necessary not to forget about the deviation. Then you need to pull the rope. Use the existing two points to the next edge of the roof. Thus, it will be very convenient to navigate. After that hooks of brackets are hung up on the gutters. They are located in the center of the roofing section.
Installation of plastic water drains by own handsis produced by means of cold welding and by means of rubber seals. Special sealants are also very often used for installation. After this, we erect weirs. Special holes are cut out on the gutters. The upper part of the funnel is smeared with glue. After that, it connects to the gutter. The installation of plastic drains by their own hands is carried out with observance of a certain distance from the wall. It is up to 10 cm. At the same time, the brackets are installed in 2 meters. Also here are the joints of pipes.
The installation of such a system allows substantiallyincrease the life of the lead elements. If you do not install it, under the influence of temperature changes in the gutters will form ice. It significantly increases the mechanical load on the brackets for fastening pipes and other elements. Thus, the service life of the entire drainage system is substantially reduced. In the most neglected cases, the facade elements are destroyed and roof leaks occur. Installation of heating cables is a must. Due to this, ice will not form on the elements of the drainage system. Also protected are other places where the likelihood of its occurrence is high. In addition, the heating cable improves drainage performance during the entire snow period. As a rule, during thaws, outside temperatures fluctuate in the following range: -5 ... + 3 degrees. Thus, favorable conditions are created for the formation of icicles and ice. In most cases special heating control systems and temperature sensors are installed on the heating cables. Thanks to them, the system works automatically.
The heating cable is installed in the following areas:
The minimum linear power of this element -up to 30 watts. In accordance with the length of the drain, it should grow - up to 70 W / m. On the cables, mandatory protective shutdown devices are installed. During the design of the heating system, the length of the horizontal elements of the structure and the ends is calculated. This also applies to the number and height of the drainage pipes.
This element is necessarily combined with the heating system of the roof.
The drainage structure includes the following elements:
When you install the system, you need to arrangecable directly in the place of water flow. For novices, this task may seem complicated. The fact is that you can not make holes in the drainage system.
