The marten is a small animal, a habitatwhich is the forest. The body length of this mammal, belonging to the family of cuni, on average is about fifty centimeters. Zverek has a valuable furry fur, which is slightly inferior only to the sable.
The martens are able to move quickly through the trees.In this they are helped by five-fingered paws, at the end of which there are sharp claws. These mobile animals are well developed motor skills, which allows them to spend a lot of time hunting and playing games. The life span of these mammals is 15-20 years.
The basis of the marten diet is rodents (in theirthe number includes rats). They feed on small birds, as well as eggs not only wild, but also domestic birds. The marten is capable of crushing several laying hens, putting them in place of "crimes" unlikely. During their hunting, the predator breaks the cervical vertebrae of the victims, and then drinks them still warm blood, curling the tongue with a tube.
The marten is very clever. Catch it is not easy.To escape from the hunter it can not only land but also of twigs of trees nearby. That is why the most effective way is hunting for marten with traps. I catch animals starting late autumn sometimes. Set traps on martens and the whole winter. Why is hunting for predators conducted in these seasons? The fact is that moulting starts in the early spring. Wool she poured, and then begins to grow unevenly. As we approach the cold weather, the end of October, animal dressed in luxurious winter outfit that attracts people.
During the fishing period, the forest is literally covered with snow. This also contributes to the fact that hunting martens with traps is very popular.
The marten - the animal is very cautious.It is awake, as a rule, at night, which makes it very difficult to hunt this predator with a gun. Going to catch a small animal, it is worth remembering that he does not like houses. That's why marten is not attached to any one place. It moves through the forest, stopping only when it finds food or a convenient place for a day's rest. In case of danger, the marten easily leaves his pursuer.
Day dwelling for the animal, as a rule, are tree hollows. For a long time in them, only the female, who needs to care for her offspring, can linger.
Despite the fact that hunting for marten with trapsbegins with the end of October, until this time you should not sit around. Since the beginning of autumn it is necessary to look for places that will be convenient for living the animal. Finding them, hunters make a nock. In addition, they feed the predator, periodically laying out the bait in the same places.
It is worth bearing in mind that, when choosing a refuge,the marten stops in coniferous, broadleaf and mixed forests. Especially many animals are there, where there is a large number of trees with hollows. It is in them the predator is best to organize a shelter. If there are not enough such trees, the marten may well be located in the stormy dams or in the pits.
Hunt for marten with traps begins afterthe location of future actions has been determined, the territory has been surveyed and the animal has been baited. If you go to the area where fishing will take place, after falling out of snow, then the ability to read traces will be useful. Remember that if there are no old trees with hollows on this territory, then the predator can rest in the plexus of fallen shafts. Traces of martens can be searched on the banks of streams or rivers. In these places the predator prefers to hunt. Particular attention should be paid to already well-maintained trails. There is a great chance that the animal will once again pass through them.
After discovering the territory where the marten lives,it is necessary to think out what to entice. For this, the entrails of animals, as well as the meat of rodents or birds, can approach. It is recommended that the bait be kept warm for several days. In this case, the smell from it will be stronger. A feather of birds is suitable for attracting the animal. It is either added to the bait or scattered near it.
To hunt fur-bearing animals, includingmarten, use iron devices that pinch the body of the animal caught in them when the spring is activated. These are different traps and self-contained devices. And these adaptations come in different forms.
Traps for marten, as a rule, put plate or frame. These two types of products differ somewhat from each other in their design.
The basis of these devices ismetal strip. Its ends are bent upwards. One end of the transverse strip is attached in the middle part of the base. At the second end, which is also bent upwards, is the tongue of the lodge, which drives the entire mechanism.
Traps for martens in the main band areA couple of holes in which two arcs are inserted. These parts are compressed by springs, which are elastic metal strips bent in the necessary manner. Ends arc two rings. One of them is put on the rack of the base of the device. The second ring is placed on the side parts of the arcs.
The installation of plate-type traps representsthe compression of the springs almost to the contact of the rings and the arcing to the side. The tongue of the lodge in this case must be thrown over one of the two arcs and fixed to the end of the trigger lever.
Approaching the trap, the marten will take the bait. After this, the plate will move and the guard will exit the hook of the trigger lever. Arcs in this case will firmly grasp the prey.
The basis of this device isround or rectangular frame. On this detail there is a stretched piece of canvas. Sometimes instead of cloth from the edges of the frame tied a large number of thin ropes. They converge to the so-called lodge. On the opposite side of the frame are two racks. There are holes in them, into which the ends of the arcs are inserted. Such traps are slammed onto the marten with the help of steel springs, bent in the middle. There is in these devices a metal or wooden guardhouse of small dimensions. It is mounted at an equal distance from the existing racks. In addition, to the canvas, which is stretched on the frame, sew a hook or a small plate.
When installing frame traps, compress the springs.Arcs in this case are bred to the side. After one of them, the guard is thrown, fixing its free end under the hook or plate, sewn to the canvas. How does this device work? At the moment when the marten touches one of the strained ropes or comes on the canvas, the lodge is released from under the bar. At the same time, the arcs converge, which infringe upon the animal, slamming it with great force.
The frame trap (see photo below) isuniversal adaptation. With its help you can hunt almost all animals - from a small ferret to a bear. Its positive side is a large area of alert.
Consequently, these devices have a highcatchability. Traps have their numbers. When fishing marten set №0 or №1. Making traps at home is not an easy task. Easier to buy factory products.
Any type of trap is supplied with a chain, at the endwhich is the ring. This is necessary for its attachment to a bush or to a tree. Only in this case the captured beast will not be able to leave, dragging the trap behind it (see the photo of this installation below).
When fishing marten, as it is a small animal, instead of a chain a wire or rope can be used.
In the summer, fishing gearmust be placed in well-ventilated areas. Do not store traps in the garage, since the smells of gasoline and metal in the aftermath scare the animal away. The best place to store is the attic. Here traps are best placed in a box, shifting them with branches of spruce or hay. But even in the event that all the necessary conditions for proper storage have been met, before starting to fish, all the devices must be inspected carefully. Traps are cleaned of the rust available on them, and then digested in water with the addition of tar fir or spruce. Only in this case they will acquire the smell of the forest and will not frighten off the animal. The capcan can also be covered with a thin layer of cow's butter or fat. This will also save him from an unnecessary smell.
Traps and traps are used to catch marten.The last of them are snares and loops. These portable devices cover the body, neck or limb of a marten with a loop. It is made of a belt, string or wire.
The loop, trap and snare are designed for catching a wide variety of animals - from ground squirrels to bears. With the help of these samovolnyh devices you can get and various birds - hazel grouse, wood grouse, etc.
Installation of loops can be madevertical or horizontal way. At the first variant the animal will get into the device by a trunk or a head. In the second case, the marten will step on a loop that will encompass its limb.
For the manufacture of such a device,soft iron wire with a section from 0.6 to 1.1 mm, the length of which is 1-1.5 m. One end of this workpiece is wound into a small ring having a diameter of 5-8 mm. The wire ends with a short end around the long one. The opposite end of the workpiece is inserted into the ringlet. The clearance of the loop should be about twenty centimeters.
Installing this device for fishing,It is necessary to ensure that it is located at a distance of ten to fifteen centimeters from the snow cover. For the ring to the loop is attached a string, with which the device is attached to a tree.
Devices intended for catching small animals,are located near trees with a hollow, in clearings, and also in places where there is a border of two forests. The installation of traps for marten can also be carried out in the places of past successful attacks on the predator. In this case, the hunter will have confidence in his abilities.
When the installation of traps for marten,then the main focus is not only on their disguise. Need and the right alert. The spring should be deployed in the direction opposite to the arrival of the animal. The hood should be securely attached to the tree or to the bush by a thin chain or wire. Only then the marten will not drag him away. However, the best option is to secure the device so that the animal that got into it could not get out by hanging in the air.
Lure when setting a trap mustlocated in 25-30 centimeters above the plate. You can tell her on the bitch near the device. It is recommended that traps be inspected twice a week.
How to ensure that the trapped martengot only a hunter, not some predators or rodents? To do this, the traps should be placed on a piece created or natural elevations. Only in this case the caught animal will hang in the air and other animals can not get it.
How to set traps for martenthese conditions? The optimal height of the device above the ground should be one or two meters. In order for the trap not to fall asleep with snow, fir branches or other improvised natural materials are installed above it.
This method is considered to be the most effectivea hunt for a small animal. How to set traps for martens in this case? Even before the onset of frosts, it is necessary to look for a suitable tree. In the slot of his trunk, three pegs, about twenty-five centimeters in length, are slaughtered. Two of them are attached at the same level. The third is between them forty-fifty centimeters below. On the lower of these pegs a trap is installed. The upper ones are needed in order to build a roof from snow.
Perhaps you were kicking an elk.Then the deck, which was used in this case, can be used for catching a small animal. How to set traps for martens in this case? The device for catching a predator should be located directly on the snow near the deck. The animal must smell the entrails. The hood should be attached with a strong wire. Otherwise, the marten will drag him along.
