Quality and properly selectedWiring will always help to secure any room of unpleasant "surprises" associated with the short-circuit currents, insulation breakdown, burnout wiring, fire appliances and other things. Avoid such unpleasant situations and incidents it is possible. To do this, you must initially pay close attention to the cross-section of the cable.
Most people who decide to do itwiring independently and without the help of specialists, does not fully understand the importance of the procedure, during which the cable section will be selected. Even the use of the new and modern technologies themselves can not save from the above problems if the current cable section is incorrectly selected.
When selecting the section, you must take into accountall factors: the magnitude and duration of the load, the nominal current that will pass through the cable, the maximum and minimum voltage, the load power. It is necessary to check the conductor for resistance to high temperatures (both ambient and overheating due to short circuits), mechanical strength and resistance to possible external damages. Undoubtedly, the cable cross-section depends not only on the above properties and parameters. It is necessary to take into account individual differences in wiring, and even the influence of the external environment and its factors on the conductor.
The most important indicator in choosing the cross section isreliability of the cable, its quality. Here the most optimal option can be called a copper one. It is much more resistant to the negative influences listed above than the aluminum cable. Copper conductor will be more efficient, and it is much less liable to oxidation and deformation. Thus, the cross-sectional area of a copper cable will be less than that of an aluminum cable, provided the other characteristics are identical. And a purely visual copper conductor will look better.
Choosing the cross-section of the cable in terms of power, it is necessaryConsider the total power of all possible devices. It is very important. Naturally, it is more convenient to select the cross section of the cable with a margin. Also take into account its length and the possibility of voltage loss.
The term "cable cross-section" refers to its transversesection. In electrical engineering, it is determined by several design parameters: compliance with heating conditions, mechanical strength conditions, calculated economic density of current.
Generally speaking, the correct calculation shouldimply the existence of formulas. However, you can use specially designed tables with basic parameters to select the cross section of the cable: power, current strength, and sometimes the voltage in the network. Such tables can be found in the manuals on electrical installation of equipment. There are already calculated data for cables of different cross-section, made of different materials, taking into account the majority of possible factors. Also, the values of the correction factors are indicated, for example, if necessary, lay the cable at low temperatures.
