Oculomotor muscles help to performthe coordinated movement of the eyeballs, and in parallel they provide a qualitative perception. To have a three-dimensional image of the surrounding world, it is necessary to constantly train muscle tissue. What exercises to perform, the expert will prompt after a thorough examination. In any situation it is necessary to completely exclude self-therapy.
The muscles of the eye are of six kinds, with fourof which are straight, but two oblique. They are named because of the nature of the stroke in the cavity (orbit), where they are located, and also because of attachment to the organ of vision. Their performance is controlled by nerve endings, which are located in the cranium, such as:
The eye muscles have a large number of nerves, which are capable of providing clarity, accuracy in the movement of the organs of vision.
Глазные яблоки благодаря данным волокнам могут to carry out numerous movements, both unidirectional, and multidirectional. One-way turns include up, down, left, and others, and to multidirectional - the reduction of the organs of vision in one point. Such movements help to work harmoniously in the tissues and present the same image to the person, due to his getting on the same site of the retina.
Muscles can provide movement of both eyes, while performing the main function:
As already mentioned, oculomotor muscles are:
All these eye muscles start froma tight connecting ring that surrounds the external aperture of the optic canal. In this situation, the exception is the lower oblique. All five muscle fibers thus form a funnel that has nerves inside, including the main visual as well as the vessels.
If you go deeper, you will see how the oblique muscledeviates upward and inward, while creating a block. Also on this site there is a transition of fibers to the tendon, which is transferred through a special loop, and a change in its direction to the oblique is observed. Then it is attached to the upper outer quadrant of the organ of vision under the upper tissue of the direct type.
As for the inferior oblique muscle, it takesits origin is at the inner edge, which is located below the orbit and extends to the outer posterior border of the lower muscle of the direct type. The oculomotor muscles, the closer to the apple, the more surrounded by a dense fiber capsule, that is, the shadow sheath, and then they attach to the sclera, but not at the same distance from the limbus.
Performance of most fibersregulated by the oculomotor nerve. In this situation, the external rectus muscle is considered to be the exception, its provision is performed by the abducent nerve, and the superior oblique, which is provided by nerve impulses from the block nerve. The internal muscles of the eye are most closely located to the limb, and the upper straight and oblique attached at the center to the organ of vision.
The main feature of innervation - the branchthe motor nerve controls the performance of a small number of muscles, so maximum accuracy is achieved when human eyes move.
How the eye muscles are attachedwill depend on the movement of the apple. Internal and external straight fibers are arranged horizontally relative to the plane of the organ of vision, so a person can move them horizontally. Also, these two muscles are involved in providing vertical movement.
Now consider the structure of the eye muscles.oblique type. They are able, while reducing, to provoke more complex actions. This can be attributed to some peculiarity of the location and attachment to the sclera. Oblique muscle tissue, which is located on the top, helps the organ of vision to fall and turn outwards, and the lower one - to rise and also to be retracted outside.
It is necessary to take into account another nuance thataffects the upper and lower straight and oblique muscles - they have excellent regulation of nerve impulses, there is a harmonious work of the muscle tissue of the eyeball, while the person is able to perform complex movements in different directions. Therefore, people can see three-dimensional images, as well as the image quality, which then enters the brain.
In addition to the above fibers in the work andmobility of the eyeball and other tissues are involved that surround the eye slit. In this case, the most important is the circular muscle. It has a unique structure, which is represented by several parts - orbital, tear and age.
So, the abbreviation:
All these three areas of which the circular consistsmuscle located around the eyeball. Their beginning is located directly near the medial angle on the bone basis. Innervation occurs due to a small sprig of the facial nerve. It must be understood that any contraction or strain of the eye muscles of any type occurs through the nerves.
Также к вспомогательным волокнам причисляют unitary, multiunitary fabrics that belong to a smooth type. Multiunitary is the ciliary muscle and the tissue of the iris. Unitary fiber is located near the lens, and the structure is able to provide accommodation. If you relax this muscle, you can transfer the image to the retina, and if it is contracted, this leads to a significant protrusion of the lens, and objects that are closer can be considered much better.
The function and anatomy of the eye musclesinterconnected. Since the building has already been given due attention, now let us analyze in more detail the function of this type of muscle tissue, without which a person cannot correctly perceive the world around.
The main functional feature is the ability to provide full eye movement in different directions:
All movements are complex and coordinated with each other.
Violation may occur in any situation.eye movement, therefore, at the first manifestations of deviation, you should immediately contact a specialist who, after careful examination, will be able to prescribe an effective treatment. In most cases, diseases and pathologies of muscle tissue are surgically removed. To exclude any complications and interventions, constant training of the eye muscles should be carried out.
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