Plait hemostatic Esmarkh: features and application

In case of injury or openfracture possible profuse bleeding. Of these, arterial - the most dangerous among other species. If a large vessel is damaged, the patient may die from bleeding in 2-3 minutes. Such patients require emergency medical care, consisting in the cessation of blood flow in this area. If the upper or lower extremity is damaged, then a Esmarch hemostat is used. There are other types of accessories for stopping the blood, but the principle of overlaying and the algorithm of actions do not differ.

Plain hemostatic rubber type Esmarkhthe most convenient and practical in such situations. It is a rubber tape (less often - a tube) with a length of 1.5 meters. On the one hand, the surface is slightly convex, and on the other, it is concave. The Esmarch's hemostat rubber harness has a chain and a hook for fixing at its ends.

Indications for use

This device is used by medical professionals strictly according to indications. Squeezing of vessels is carried out in such cases:

• with arterial bleeding;
• during operations to stop blood flow;
• with intravenous injections;
• for taking blood from a vein for analysis;
• sometimes a tourniquet is applied to the carotid artery using a splint.

Приспособление может быть наложено как arterial tourniquet (to stop bleeding) and as venous (for taking blood or for parenteral administration of drugs). They differ by force of squeezing.

Stages of the harness

An Esmarch-type hemostat harness for squeezing the artery is applied according to the following rules:

1. The arm or leg of the patient is elevated to reduce blood flow.
2. To prevent skin pinching and to minimize pain, a towel or cloth is placed under the tourniquet.
3. On the lower extremity tourniquet harnessEsmarch used on the thigh (except for its distal third, there are a large number of tendons). At the top - on the shoulder (with the exception of the middle part, where the nerve trunks pass, there is a threat of squeezing).
4. Under the limb stretch the ribbon with the concave side inwards so that the left side is shorter than the right.
5. Tensioning the harness with the right hand from the bottom up, applying effort, making a coil to the left, grasping the limb.
6. The next round is done similarly. Each subsequent layer is slightly weakened, it should overlap the previous one in order to avoid pinching of soft tissues.
7. Fasten the hook on a chain or tie.
8. In case of injury, narcotic analgesics are administered and the limb is immobilized.

Performance monitoring

Harness hemostatic Esmarch imposed correctly, if:

• bleeding stopped;
• there is no pulsation on the arteries;
• the hand or foot is pale and cold.

If the limb has turned blue at the end of the procedure, this means that the veins are constricted and the artery is not blocked. Imposed venous harness. It is necessary to repeat the procedure and tighten the tape more.

Под верхний виток помещают небольшую записку с indicated by the time of the manipulation. In the cold season, the duration of the procedure should not exceed 30 minutes (must cover), in the warm - up to 1 hour. After the expiration of this time, the device must be removed for a few minutes to restore blood circulation. At this time, the artery is clamped by the finger method. Manipulation can be repeated, but already above the previous place. It is desirable that two people involved in the victim. One removes the harness, the other clamps the vessel. The total time should not exceed 2 hours. Otherwise, necrosis may occur.

Contraindications to its imposition

But it is not always possible to apply the tow hemostat Esmarch. Such a stop of blood is contraindicated in the following cases:

• children under the age of 3 years (apply finger pressure);
• with anaerobic infection;
• with purulent lesions of the site of exposure;
• if there is pronounced atherosclerosis of the arteries.

When transporting the limb should beexalted position. If it is immobilized, the tourniquet should not be closed. The patient is urgently hospitalized for the final provision of necessary medical care.

Harness Esmarkh Hemostat - Necessarya device to stop arterial bleeding, serves to temporarily stop the blood flow. Its presence is necessary at all emergency stations and first-aid posts. Proper and timely application saved not one life.