Duodenitis: Symptoms and Treatment in Adults

Unfortunately, many people are faced with such aa problem, like inflammation of the duodenal mucosa. Symptoms of duodenitis are extremely unpleasant, since they are associated with serious digestive disorders. Properly conducted therapy allows you to get rid of the disease. On the other hand, to exclude the possibility of complications is still not worth it.

Of course, many people are looking for additional information. What is dangerous duodenitis? Causes, symptoms, treatment, prevention - this is certainly important data that should definitely be studied.

What is an ailment?

Duodenitis is a common disease thataccompanied by inflammation of the mucous membranes of the duodenum. The ailment, as a rule, develops against the background of an increase in the acidity of the gastric juice, which, upon admission to the intestine, damages its mucous membrane - this is how the inflammatory process develops.

It should be noted that duodenitis can be eitheracute, and chronic. In most cases, the ailment develops in adulthood, but is sometimes diagnosed in children. According to statistics, in 94% of cases, acute inflammation even in the presence of appropriate treatment eventually becomes chronic.

Causes of duodenitis

Many people are interested in information about the symptoms and treatment of chronic duodenitis. But to begin with it is necessary to understand the main causes of the development of the disease. Risk factors include:

• malnutrition, in particular the constant use of foods that increase the acidity of gastric juice and irritate the mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines;
• the presence of bad habits, in particular smoking, alcohol and coffee abuse;
• infection of mucous membranes with Helicobacteria;
• the presence of chronic forms of gastritis in patients (regardless of origin);
• peptic ulcer of the digestive tract;
• violation of the blood supply to the walls of the duodenum;
• chronic diseases of the digestive system, in particular colitis, hepatitis, cirrhosis, inflammatory lesions of the mesentery, chronic forms of pancreatitis;
• hormonal disorders.

Symptoms of duodenitis

Inflammatory process of the duodenal mucosa is accompanied by very characteristic symptoms.

• First, dull pain appears, localized inepigastric region. Sometimes soreness spreads to the right hypochondrium. Unpleasant sensations, as a rule, amplify at night. Pain becomes more pronounced with an empty stomach, and also during palpation.
• Patients complain of a lack of appetite. The feeling of fullness of the stomach arises even after taking a small amount of food.
• Gradually there are other symptoms - bloating, increased gas formation, nausea (her seizures often end with vomiting), bitter eructations, heartburn.
• Patients often suffer from permanent constipation.
• The inflammatory process can be accompanied by an increase in body temperature, as well as general malaise, chills, weakness, drowsiness.

Forms of the disease

There are many classification systemslike ailment. For example, duodenitis can be primary or secondary (develops against a background of another disease of the digestive system). If we take into account the change in the structure of the intestinal wall, we can distinguish several forms.

• Atrophic duodenitis is accompanied by a violation of intestinal peristalsis and thinning of the mucosa.
• The hemorrhagic form of the disease is accompanied by the appearance of bleeding. Symptoms intensify against the background of the use of certain medicines, alcohol, acidic and spicy dishes.
• Catarrhal inflammation is accompanied by severe pain in the abdomen, nausea, vomiting, general weakness. The occurrence of symptoms is associated with damage to the intestinal mucosa by rough food.
• Surface duodenitis is characterized by the defeat of only the superficial layers of the intestinal mucosa.
• The phlegmous form of the disease is accompanied by a purulent lesion of the intestinal tissues.
• Isolate and erosive duodenitis. Symptoms - severe pain in the upper abdomen, vomiting with blood impurities. The ailment is accompanied by the formation of erosions and ulcers on the walls of the intestine.

Possible complications

Many people are interested in information about the symptoms and treatment of bowel duodenitis in adults. It is worth noting that sometimes an ailment leads to the development of very unpleasant and even dangerous complications, including:

• periduodenitis - a disease in which the inflammatory process extends to the serous shell of the intestine;
• sometimes on the mucous membrane there are small areas of erosion, ulcers and other defects (often in the background of duodenitis perforation of the ulcer occurs);
• stenosis of the pylorus of the stomach (there is a sharp narrowing of the place where the stomach passes into the gut);
• a sharp decrease in the acidity of the juice in the stomach, resulting in serious digestive disorders;
• partial or complete obstruction of the intestine;
• gastric and intestinal bleeding;
• peritonitis.

Diagnostic measures

Symptoms of duodenitis can sometimes resemble a number of other diseases of the digestive tract. That is why it is so important to properly diagnose.

• First, of course, a general inspection is conducted. The doctor collects information about the symptoms that appear in the patient, and learns information from his medical record.
• First of all, a person gives blood and urine for research. By the way, a biochemical blood test is necessary.
• Radiography of the stomach and upperdepartments of the intestine. This is a simple and accessible study, which makes it possible to examine the contours of organs, to determine the presence of certain neoplasms.
• Mandatory is duodenal sounding - examination of the intestinal mucosa with a special endoscopic probe.
• During the examination, the doctor also takes samples of gastric juice for analysis, which are then examined in the laboratory, and the pH is determined.
• If a doctor suspects the presence of malignant neoplasms, during the probing, samples of tissues are taken for analysis, which are then sent for further research to the laboratory.

Such studies are conducted in the presence ofsuspicion of duodenitis of the intestine. Symptoms, the causes of the development of the inflammatory process, the presence of certain complications is what the doctor must determine. Based on the data obtained, the specialist will be able to make an effective therapy regimen.

Treatment of pathology

Symptoms and treatment of duodenitis are closely related. The choice of drugs directly depends on the presence of the patient of certain violations, the causes of the development of the disease.

• If during the studies it was confirmedpresence of Helicobacteria in the digestive system, antibiotics, for example "Amoxicillin", "Tetracycline", "Clarithromycin", are necessarily included in the treatment regimen.
• If the inflammatory process is the result of the penetration of lamblia or helminths into the body, then patients are prescribed "Metronidazole", "Vermox", "Decaris".
• Symptoms of duodenitis in adults, such as nausea,bloating, belching, heartburn, can be removed with antacids. Effective drugs such as "Kael", "Almagel", "Fosfalugel", "Maalox" are considered. Such drugs neutralize the increased acidity of gastric juice.
• Reduce the concentration of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice and blockers of the proton pump. This group includes such drugs as "Rabelok", "Omez", "Gastrotsepin."
• The mucous membrane of the stomach and intestines needprotect from the harmful effects of acid. To this end, patients are prescribed "Sucralfate" and "De-Nol", which create a protective film on the mucous membrane of the digestive tract.
• Such drugs as "Saitotec" and "Misoprostol"promote the synthesis of mucus, which protects the mucosa from the effects of acid and infections. These drugs also help to normalize the pH in the intestines and stomach.
• Restoration of the mucous membrane is facilitated by such drugs as "Biogastron", "Cave-S", "Entrosteel".
• Facilitate the patient's condition by eliminating andthe main symptoms of intestinal duodenitis. Treatment involves taking antispasmodics, which help cope with the pain. In this situation, it is advisable to take such drugs as "No-shpa" and "Drotaverin."
• Such tools as "Tserukal" and "Motilium" help improve the functioning of the digestive system.
• In combination with antibiotics, probiotics, for example, "Linex" or "Bifiform", must be used. The use of these drugs helps restore the normal intestinal microflora.
• If the patient has nervous disorders, the doctor may recommend the use of soft sedatives, for example, tinctures of valerian or "Tenoten".
• In the event that the inflammatory process is associated with intestinal obstruction, the intestine is periodically probed and then the cavity is washed with mineral water.
• Sometimes, the drug regimen is supplemented with drugs that bind bile, for example, "Cholestyramine."

In most cases, such treatment helpsto eliminate the symptoms of chronic duodenitis (as well as acute forms of the disease), to remove the inflammatory process. In the event that drug therapy does not help, there are malignant neoplasms or some complications (for example, intestinal perforation), the patient needs surgical intervention.

Proper nutrition

Symptoms and treatment of duodenitis are closely related. Since the disease is accompanied by serious digestive disorders, proper nutrition is an integral part of therapy.

If it is a case of acute inflammation, duringThe first two weeks you need to adhere to the most sparing diet. Patients are better suited for fractional meals - take food often (5-7 times a day), but in small portions. During this period, the menu should include mucous soups from oat, semolina and rice cereals. Allowed soft-boiled eggs, liquid porridge, jelly, omelets, but only cooked for a couple.

It is extremely important to exclude from the diet all products,which irritate the mucous membranes of the digestive tract. Under the prohibition of sharp, smoked and fried dishes, preserves, spices, vegetables and sour fruits (raw), pickles, pastries, fresh bread. Categorically contraindicated alcohol, as well as coffee, chocolate and cocoa.

After two weeks, you can gradually enter the menunew food, including meat dishes, but only low-fat varieties (for example, steam cutlets). Of course, it is still worthwhile to avoid sharp meals and food irritating the intestines. From alcohol and tobacco it is necessary to abstain in order to avoid occurrence of relapses.

Folk remedies

Some folk medicine can also help to cope with the symptoms of inflammation.

• Some herbalists recommend drinking a decoction of flax seeds. This remedy helps protect the mucous membranes from the effects of acid.
• It is also considered a decoction of St. John's wort.Two tablespoons of dry herbs (sold in pharmacies) are filled with a glass of boiling water and cooked in a water bath for 30 minutes. After the broth cools down, it can be filtered and divided into three portions, which must be consumed within a day. It is better to take medicine half an hour before meals.
• If there is an erosive form of duodenitis,will help the juice of plantain. A teaspoon of juice should be mixed with the same amount of natural honey and take 30 minutes before eating. The medicine is consumed three times a day.
• The kissel from the dog rose also has enveloping properties.

Of course, you can use any home remedies only with the permission of the doctor.

Forecasts and preventive measures

We have already reviewed information about the symptoms andtreatment of duodenitis in adults. Nevertheless, it is sometimes much easier to prevent the development of a disease. If it is a question of primary forms of inflammation, it will be enough only to adhere to the principles of healthy nutrition (to refuse fried, fatty, acute), to sharply limit the amount of alcohol consumed.

In addition, timely diagnosis of anydiseases of the digestive tract, since it is these pathologies that often cause the development of duodenitis. All diseases must be amenable to timely and adequate therapy.

If it is a question of prevention of relapses, it is worthunderstand that patients who have already undergone such an inflammatory disease should be registered with a doctor. It is necessary to periodically undergo medical examinations, take the necessary tests. Positively on the condition of the digestive system will affect the spa treatment.

Если пациент соблюдает правильную диету, следует all recommendations of the doctor, then the predictions for him are favorable - the symptoms of duodenitis can be eliminated, as well as reduce the likelihood of complications.