How is chickenpox transmitted through third parties? Ways of transmission of chickenpox. Chickenpox temperature

With chicken pox,child, because the disease is characterized by a high degree of infectiousness. Each mom, concerned about her baby's condition, asks: how through third parties is chickenpox transmitted to children?

What is chickenpox?

Chicken pox is considered one of the most famousdiseases in childhood. It is caused by a virus that belongs to the herpes group, namely the third type of herpes virus. In the adult population, such a virus provokes a disease called shingles.

The susceptibility of a person who has not previously suffered from chickenpox is 90-100%.

For infection, enough to stay with a sick child nearby for 5-10 minutes. The virus has a high mobility, which helps it to overcome a distance of at least 20 meters.

Ways of transferring chickenpox

How through third parties is chickenpox transmitted? The disease can be transmitted from sick adults and children to healthy in the following ways:

• Air-drip.The most known way of transmission of the disease. In this case, the virus, when sneezing and coughing, is transmitted by a sick child, who at that moment does not have any external signs of the disease, healthy. The baby is considered contagious during the entire period of the rash and in the next five days after the onset of the last bubble on the skin.
• Contact. This method of transmission of infection is considered very rare, because in this case, human infection occurs when contact with the contents of the patient's vials, which contain many viruses.
• Intrauterine.During pregnancy, the fetus may be infected by a mother who did not get sick before the illness and did not receive vaccination. If a woman falls ill in early pregnancy, then the unborn child may experience serious developmental disorders. When the virus enters the body of the future mother after 12 weeks of gestation, the baby may have congenital chickenpox, which appears immediately after birth and is difficult for the newborn to carry. When a child becomes infected before birth, the mother’s antibodies do not have time to be transmitted to him and congenital chickenpox occurs.

Concerned mothers ask the question:is it possible to catch chickenpox through a third party? The famous pediatrician, Dr. Komarovsky, says that it is impossible to get infected through a third person. Infection occurs directly from the patient to the healthy.

At what age does the disease most often occur?

Most often, the disease is diagnosed in children over 2 years old and under 8-10 years old. The most sensitive to the virus babies 4-5 years.

У новорожденных до 6 месяцев такое заболевание не it arises because at birth they received antibodies to chickenpox from an ill mother. In rare cases, the disease can manifest itself in infants, if the mother herself was not sick with chicken pox and did not give him her antibodies.

How is chickenpox transmitted through third parties?Infants older than six months due to a decrease in the number of antibodies can become infected only upon contact with a sick person. At this age, the disease proceeds quite easily.

Stages of chickenpox

Period of infectious chickenpox? In contact with a sick child, the disease goes through several stages:

• During the incubation period occursactive reproduction and accumulation of the virus in the mucous membranes. Symptoms of the disease at this moment are absent. The duration of this period can be 21 days, but in some cases the disease occurs within two weeks.
• In the prodromal period, the virus enters the bloodstream, which is manifested by some symptoms, but it is not yet possible to diagnose chickenpox.
• During the rash stage, rashes appear on the skin of the patient, which are characteristic of chickenpox.
• During the recovery period, the formation of antibodies to the disease occurs and new rashes cease to occur.

How is chickenpox transmitted through third parties?

Chickenpox virus is characterized by low resistance.When it is found outside the human body, an instantaneous death of the virus occurs. Its viability can be maintained for a quarter of an hour on objects indoors and outdoors. The virus dies from the sun, from temperature changes and disinfectant solutions.

So when mothers are worried about the health of the baby, they ask: is it possible to catch chickenpox through a third party? Pediatricians always answer: it is impossible to get infected through third parties with this disease.

Chickenpox symptoms

Chickenpox usually begins the same way as any cold disease:

• headache;
• lack of appetite;
• a sore throat;
• muscle aches;
• capriciousness and irritability;
• enlargement of lymph nodes.

The temperature of the chickenpox can vary from 37-38 degrees, in rare cases, up to 39 degrees. The occurrence of temperature is associated with the severity of the disease.

The most pronounced manifestation of chickenpox can be considered rash. This disease does not occur without rash.

Usually rash occurs with the appearance of hightemperature First, it appears on the trunk, and then extends to the lower and upper limbs, the head. Another rash may be in the mouth and on the genitals. Acne with chickenpox brings severe itching to children.

Сначала сыпь представляет собой мелкие красные specks, then they become like insect bites (papules). After a certain period, the skin on them begins to exfoliate and in the middle a transparent color liquid appears. As a result, vesicles appear on the site of papules.

Content that is in the vesiclesgradually grow cloudy, bubbles burst and crusts appear on them. If the child does not comb them, then acne heals completely without consequences. Simultaneously with the drying out of the rash, new specks form, and then vesicles. The temperature in the chickenpox reappears when new bubbles appear.

Chicken Pox Complications

Chickenpox can occur in severe form, complicated by the following diseases:

• pneumonia;
• skin infection due to scratching of the bubbles;
• stomatitis;
• otitis;
• encephalitis;
• hepatitis;
• inflammatory diseases of the joints, muscles, etc.

Duration of the disease

Period of infectious chickenpox?How long the child will be sick to establish exactly impossible. This largely depends on the characteristics of the child’s body. The prodromal period can be from 1-2 days, and sometimes a rash occurs along with a worsening condition.

The period when the rash appears can last from 2-9 days. Usually, vesicles do not appear after 5-9 days from the onset of the first symptoms of chickenpox.

The time when the skin heals after formation onall vesicle crusts can last 1-2 weeks. If the disease is mild, then it can last 7-8 days, and with a complication - a few weeks.

Diagnostics

Chickenpox is diagnosed by a doctor based onpatient complaints, rash and fever. In some cases, chickenpox is difficult to distinguish from allergies, herpes, and measles, because rash, fever and other symptoms are similar.

In this case, a blood test will help to determine the disease accurately.

Treatment of chickenpox

Treatment of chicken pox includes the following rules:

• In most cases, the disease in children is treated.without the use of antiviral drugs. Only medications are used to get rid of the symptoms of the disease. For bacterial complications, antibiotics can be prescribed.
• To reduce the risk of chickenpox in adults, they are isolated from sick children. This is especially necessary for pregnant women, people with chronic diseases.
• At high temperatures, babies are shown bed rest, if it does not increase to be in bed is optional.
• Food for chickenpox should consist ofproducts that are easily digested (soups, dairy products, steam meat dishes, vegetables). Although there is no need to adhere to a special diet for the disease, it is better to exclude: fried, spicy, smoked. If bubbles appear in the mouth, food should be eaten as a puree.
• With chickenpox, a child should drink more fluids (fruit drinks, weak tea, moderately sweet fruit juice, water).
• To reduce the temperature, the child should be given drugs (Paracetamol, Ibuprofen), the doses of which should be agreed with the doctor.
• To reduce nervous irritability and irritability, the following medications can be given to the child: Notta, Nervohel.
• To reduce itching and to prevent skin infection, it is necessary to treat it with diamond green and Fukortsin.
• In the case when the rash itches and bothers the child, a specialist may prescribe antihistamines: Suprastin, Zodak, Claritin.
• For quick healing of bubbles, you can use tea tree oil.
• It is necessary to pay attention to the temperature in the child's room. It is best that the room was not hot and the baby was dressed in spacious clothes made of natural fabrics.
• It is urgent to seek medical help if it is impossible to bring the heat down and the child has symptoms of complications (vomiting, cough, convulsions, photophobia).
• Although the child is not contagious for 5 daysafter the appearance of the last rash on the skin, you should not appear with him in crowded places. Other people may have questions: What is the period of infection with chickenpox and can the baby be in the community?

During illness, parents should tell the child what is happening to him in an interesting and understandable form.

Prevention methods

Что делать, чтобы не заразиться ветрянкой?It is well known that chickenpox is a very contagious disease and the main defense against it is vaccination. For a lifetime immunity does not arise. When the vaccination is done no later than 72 hours after contact with the patient, then there is a guaranteed protection against the virus for some time.

In case vaccination is not performed on time, it should:

• It is necessary to isolate the patient for the time of illness from healthy people for the entire period of infectiousness.
• How is chickenpox transmitted through third parties?It is well known that the virus of chickenpox is not resistant and cannot be transmitted in this way, but for the sake of prevention, some mothers erase the sick person’s things separately from the clothes of other family members.
• Providing the patient with separate dishes, linen and other hygiene items.
• Use a gauze bandage on the face.
• Be sure to constantly carry out wet cleaning of the room in which the patient is.

Despite the fact that chickenpox is a contagious disease, in order not to get sick of it, it is necessary to apply the full range of preventive measures, and it is better to be vaccinated.