Laminated panels are one of the mostcommon materials for use as a floor covering. Such a flooring combines the best technical, physical, functional and decorative qualities, allowing to design rooms in different design styles. However, its operation can also cause inconvenience. The presence of hillocks, pits and noise effects in the form of a squeak - frequent problems of coatings, laying of which was done with the violation of technology. The key element of the floor device in this case is the intermediate layer of the substrate. It not only eliminates unpleasant sounds, but also protects the structure of decorative material from rapid wear. In this sense, the role of the substrate under the laminate on the wooden floor is especially great, the defects of which, unlike the concrete surface, can not be corrected by grounding agents and grout.
The layer of material is directlyBetween a wooden roughing base and a laminate. Thus, it minimizes the negative phenomena that can occur during walking. In addition, it can not be said that this layer is necessarily homogeneous and monolithic. For example, a description of the substrate under the laminate on a wooden floor, which requires insulation and waterproofing, can be represented as a multi-level "pie", which includes additional protective layers. This can be film, foil, mineral wool and other insulators.
Making an approximate configuration of the futureIt is important to consider the thickness limitations. Depending on the model, the decorative panels themselves can increase the height of the floor by 1-2 cm. If the room is small, such changes can be noticeable. Accordingly, it will be superfluous to calculate the thickness of the substrate under the laminate on a wooden floor, the optimum value of which is 3-5 mm. It should not be too thin, otherwise the equalizing function will not be executed, but, again, in a thicker layer there can be no meaning if the material itself is incorrectly selected.
The choice comes from a wide range ofperformance properties. The main ones will be strength and rigidity. The substrate must be resilient to provide a damping effect, but also resistant to rupture, since permanent mechanical loads can lead to rapid loss of shape. The values and capabilities of the material for noise reduction, heat and waterproofing are also important. Even with additional interlayers, such protection can not be guaranteed if the material base does not meet the basic requirements for isolation. Special attention should be paid to environmental safety issues. If a substrate is selected for the laminate on the wooden floor in the living room, then preference should only be decking, which is of natural origin. And in this part it should be noted that there is almost no natural materials of this type on the market, but the main component may not be synthetic. And, on the contrary, the practicality of artificial substrates will be quite appropriate when laying the cover in technical rooms, corridor, utility rooms and a household block.
This is a worthy decision just for the arrangementresidential premises, as cork flooring is environmentally friendly, but it is not subjected to biological destruction processes. That is, unlike other natural materials excludes the development of mold and putrefaction. The advantages of this solution include good thermal insulation. The material retains thermal comfort in the room, naturally regulating the microclimate. Since it lacks dense and hermetically sealed layers, ventilation in the underground niche will be ensured. That is, it produces a ventilated "breathable" substrate under the laminate. On the wooden floor, panels with a cork layer should preferably be laid with a quality waterproofing, as the material is not distinguished by the function of moisture protection and contact with water can destroy it. Another disadvantage of this substrate is the high cost. It is on average 20-25% higher than price tags for popular synthetic analogues.
Modified version of the aboveThe substrate is characterized by the configuration of the structure device. A plate of this type is formed by a crumb of cork, laid on kraft paper with the addition of bitumen resins. This solution optimizes the technical and physical properties of the coating, increasing its strength, and also contributes to more effective noise insulation. This option due to rigidity is suitable in cases where a laminate substrate is needed on an uneven wooden floor - the layer eliminates the roughness of the rough surface, thereby providing a tight interface with the decorative flooring. The presence of bitumen, in turn, eliminates the formation of condensation, so the material is not afraid of moisture. Of course, to use such a substrate in the bathroom or in the kitchen is not worth it, however, a slight excess of the moisture factor is not terrible for her.
Artificial material based onextruded agglomerate plastics, to the merits of which can be attributed a mechanical protective function. Styrofoam flattenes the wooden surface, creating optimal conditions for the subsequent laying of the laminate. This option is recommended for heavily loaded rooms, where heavy equipment is installed or there is a passing zone. Public buildings - these are the targets in which it is justified to lay this substrate under the laminate on a wooden floor. The photo below shows an example of mounting panels on a base of extruded polystyrene foam.
Относительно новый и наименее распространенный type of substrate because of the high price tag, which exceeds even the cost of cork models. But, thanks to a combination of performance properties, this option can also justify itself. Such boards are characterized by good thermal insulation, ecological safety, rigidity and ability to ventilate. In many respects coniferous plates are similar to a stopper, but there are also basic differences. First, the substrate under the laminate on the wooden floor of this type is less elastic, and secondly, the plates have high thickness values. This nuance should be considered when stowing. Initially, the thickness can be of the order of 5-7 mm, but in the process of operation, the needles are compressed and the coating level will be lowered. Accordingly, the layout of the laminate panels will change slightly.
Much in the choice will help determine the targetpurpose of the place of application of the coating. If it is a question of household premises or offices, then stack thick dyed polystyrene. Its artificial origin as a defect will not matter, but the technical and physical qualities will benefit the flooring. And, on the contrary, the best substrate under the laminate on the wooden floor in the living room or the nursery is made of cork or other materials like needles. In choosing from this spectrum, one should be guided by isolating and noise-suppressing qualities. Modifications with bituminous resins will be the most advantageous option for a combination of qualities for styling in the living room or office, but the artificial component still limits their use in sleeping rooms.
The rough surface is cleaned of dirt,vacuumed, washed and dried. Next, the layout of the site on which the laminate will be laid is made. The substrate material is laid in the transverse direction with respect to the future placement of the decorative panels. And at the edges should leave a small tolerance. He will close the plinth, thus ensuring the integrity of the flooring. Typically, the substrate under the laminate on the wooden floor is not fixed, but for greater reliability, you can apply glue or hardware. At the final stage, the panels are mounted. In modern models of the laminate, locking joints are provided, which can be snapped when the sheets are mated. Again, if there is any doubt about the insufficiency of the insulating functions of the substrate, it will be superfluous to provide film layers for hydro and vapor insulation before laying the laminate.
The introduction of additional layers complicatesstructure of the coating, making it more functional and flexible in application. Provided quality installation and the correct choice of materials, you can arrange a durable flooring in any room. Determine which substrate for the laminate flooring on the wooden floor will provide the necessary operational properties, you can by the nature of the application of the premises. But not only his appointment should be the deciding factor of choice. The best substrate is one that is suitable for bonding to specific laminated panels. For high-strength models, foam polystyrene materials are optimally suited, and laminate from household series is organically supplemented with substrates made with the use of natural raw materials.
