Microscopic insect - mite - oftencauses panic in people. A small insect can make them paranoid, constantly inspecting their own skin and the dense hair of a pet. Than the mites are dangerous, and what diseases they cause, we learn right now.
In nature there are about 48 thousandvarieties of ticks. Most of them can not harm a person or an animal. "Which mites are dangerous?" - you ask. First of all, those that carry deadly viruses: the so-called ixodic insects. Among this group there is a taiga and a dog mite. The former is more common in the Asian territories of Russia, the latter is usually parasitic in its European part. The mite itself is small - about 5 mm, but, sucking the blood of the victim, it can increase in size several times.
The trunk of the insect is covered with a powerful shell,there are four pairs of legs. Males suck for a short time: they have enough time to satisfy their hunger and leave the victim. But females can parasitize the skin of a person and animal for several days. In the deciduous and mixed forests, mites usually live. Dangerous areas - paths, curbs of which are covered with grass, ravines, fringes, banks of reservoirs. Parasites attack in the warm season: from April to the end of June. Although some individuals can safely survive until late autumn.
There is an erroneous opinion that insects fall fromtrees. In fact, ticks are rather inactive: in their entire life they barely cover a distance of several tens of meters. Insects are born in the ground, they attack the plants or grass to attack: the distance to the ground does not reach more than 50 cm. Here the parasite sits spreading its paws: they have especially sensitive receptors that allow detecting the victim long before it appeared. On the limbs are also located hooks by which the insect digs into the person or animal, when they inadvertently touch the grass or clothes on the lower limbs.
Than mites are dangerous, if your body is maximallydenuded? The fact that they quickly find a place for a bite, so it is so important to walk into the forest in closed clothes and shoes. The favorite places of the parasite are the head, chest, and genitals. In dogs and cats, they prefer to "settle" in hard-to-reach places - behind the ears, in front of the neck. Beginning feeding, the mite is fixed on the epidermis with proboscis teeth and releases the first portion of saliva, which serves as a cement mortar for fixing the insect on the skin.
Даже если в ней не содержатся вирусы, сама по it poses a threat to health. Than dangerous mites for a person, you can learn in detail from the profile literature and various encyclopedias. There is indicated the following: in the saliva of parasites is a lot of biologically active substances that perform in the body of the victim negative functions:
What is dangerous is the tick bite at the moment of its sucking tobody? It is this first portion of saliva, because it contains half of all the deadly viruses that the insect carries. Therefore, infection occurs in a few seconds of contact. Even if you managed to quickly get rid of the parasite, take it to the laboratory in the laboratory: in time the detected disease will not lose precious minutes and immediately proceed to the necessary treatment.
What viruses are these small insects carrying?First of all, it is tick-borne encephalitis. In an infected person, the infection affects the nervous system: there are various kinds of neurological disorders, which eventually can even lead to a fatal outcome. The incubation period lasts about two weeks, after which the patient feels weak and tired, his body temperature rises, accompanied by muscle and headaches. After five days, the symptoms disappear, but a week later they roll up with a vengeance. In addition, irreversible changes occur in the brain. The patient needs immediate medical attention.
Are dog mites dangerous? Certainly.Like a person, an animal can catch another terrible infection - borreliosis. In this case, not only the nervous, but also the cardiovascular system is affected. Initially, the disease, the incubation period of which lasts a month, resembles ARVI. If the therapy is started in time, it can be cured with antibiotics. Otherwise, the person will remain disabled. As for dogs, they will also suffer from severe joint damage, remaining lame and crippled until the end of their life.
Than dangerous mites for a man, we have already learned.But believe me, the list of infections carried by parasites does not end there. We, with the exception of terrible encephalitis and borreliosis, are also endangered by typhus: swollen or recurrent. The first is characterized by fever attacks, a general intoxication of the body. The symptoms appear one week after the bite, a person can also complain about the pain of the head and muscles, he is shivering. If you do not begin treatment with antibiotics, the patient dies in two weeks. As for recurrent typhus, its symptoms are similar to rash. But the fever does not hold constantly, but finds waves. The victim should be hospitalized.
In addition to Borrelia, our beloved pets are threatenedand other troubles. For example, bartonellosis is the infection by bacteria of red blood cells, macrophages and endothelial cells. Among the symptoms are fever, drowsiness, weight loss, inflammation of the eyelids and joints, weakness of the hind limbs, anemia. Although sometimes the disease can be absolutely latent: the owners are genuinely surprised when they seem to die suddenly with a healthy dog. If the virus is not treated, it causes complications: bleeding and meningitis.
To the so-called blood diseases belong anderlichiosis, against which the dog loses weight, she has constant hemorrhage, dyspnea appears. If the disease is not treated, it leads to severe lesions of all organs.
Our beloved furry creatures also do notThey are insured against serious diseases that insects carry. The most famous among them is hemobartonellosis. Its main features are loss of appetite and complete apathy. In some cases, anemia is observed, which is accompanied by weight loss, palpitations, paleness of the mucous membranes. Some housewives notice that the cat begins to eat dirt or debris. Without timely assistance, the animal can die from complications caused by anemia.
Thus, the answer to the question of whether mites are dangerousfor cats, positive. You must constantly examine the pet to find harmful parasites on her skin in time. After all, they can also cause teilerosis, which begins to appear 1-3 weeks after the bite. Parasites live in the blood, lymph nodes, liver and spleen, leading to the death of the animal. Among the symptoms - lethargy, difficulty breathing, jaundice, loss of appetite. Unfortunately, there are no effective methods for treating teilerosis.
This disease should be highlighted, since itare susceptible to both cats and dogs. This is the most common virus that parasites carry. The causative agent is a small bacterium that has a harmful effect on red blood cells, destroying and destroying them. Typical symptoms include lethargy, refusal to eat on the background of increased thirst. The pet has jaundice and shortness of breath, an upset of the gastrointestinal tract, heart, liver, and kidneys are working poorly. In this case, urine acquires a dark (black, brown or burgundy) color. The animal must be urgently shown to the vet.
Now you understand the dangers of ticks forman and animals. In most cases, they cause serious health problems that lead either to disability or to death. Even timely treatment does not guarantee the absence of complications - chronic disorders of the internal organs, systems, joints. When addressing a doctor, find out about the proper therapy. Strictly observe all the prescriptions, including day regimen and nutrition.
What is dangerous for people?The fact that they are carriers of deadly viruses. In order not to get sick, prevention is necessary: constant examination of the skin after visiting the forest, selection of closed clothes during walks in nature. If, in spite of all the tricks, the tick managed to attach itself to the body, it must be removed as soon as possible. There are three effective ways:
Knowing how dangerous a tick bite is, you probably are notwill neglect safety measures. After extracting the parasite, treat the wound with iodine. Put the insect in a container, immediately go to the doctor: in the hospital you will be provided with qualified help and find out whether the tick is a carrier of dangerous infections.
