The plant belongs to the family of orchids (orchidaceae). In the native lands (Australia, Indonesia, Indochina, Himalayas) there are deciduous phalaenopsis species.
Of the orchids is the most unpretentious of the species.The cultivated plant in a managed care enters into bloom at any time, and pleases with beautiful buds up to three times a year. Phalaenopsis reproduction and care requires special conditions with which you will read further.
Phalaenopsis leafy leathery andfleshy, placed alone and in small quantities. During the entire growing season only 2-3 leaves are formed on short shoots. They persist for a long time - up to two years and die as new ones appear. The minimum length of the leaves is 10 cm, but depending on the species, it can reach 100 cm. The color tone varies from light green to dark green. Sometimes the leaf plates are covered with specific spotted patterns, which gives the plant an even greater decorative effect.
Orchid stalk often produces aerial roots:
Flower buds are hidden in the leaf axils.Their awakening occurs in the same alternation as the formation and development of the leaves. First of all, flower stalks are formed from under old sheets. In order for the plant to fully develop the kidneys, the care and reproduction of phalaenopsis in optimal conditions are necessary. As a rule, not more than one bud is formed, from which the peduncle develops, and on it are located:
Growing peduncles tend to deviate in the direction of the light source.
The optimum temperature is 28-30 aboutC. In such conditions, the flower feels comfortable, although the allowable temperature range ranges from 16 to 32 aboutFROM.
In order to stimulate flowering in Phalaenopsis, the flower is placed indoors with a temperature on the verge of 12-15. aboutC, gradually raising it to 18-24 aboutFROM.
Phalaenopsis is less sensitive to elevated temperatures beyond the normal range than to lower values.
When the permissible humidity in the apartment where the plant is grown from 30 to 100%, the optimum humidity level is 50-80%. This is the best microclimate for phalaenopsis reproduction.
При пониженной влажности в рамках 25-30 % there is a negative impact of the microclimate on the plant and a decrease in flowering. Spraying the flower is not recommended. Often this leads to the development of fungal diseases and bacterial diseases. Remember: spraying and moisture does not mean the same thing.
Орхидея нуждается в постоянном источнике влаги, therefore, it is better to keep the phalaenopsis in a shallow pallet with gravel filled with water, provided that the pot does not have to be the bottom in the water. The constant evaporation of water from the pan provides a moist microclimate around the plant.
Important! Phalaenopsis does not tolerate drafts, including the flow of cold air from the air conditioner.
Watering frequency - regular moistening with interruptions for easy drying of the substrate.
Small flowers with enough light, but the absence of direct sunlight can comfortably feel without watering for up to 14 days.
Important! Monitor the state of the plant, as at low temperatures and inadequate light the diseases of domestic plants are actively developing.
Phalaenopsis roots feel great in a wet environment and even grow in water.
In the period of stimulation of flowering, with the onsetthe period of relative dormancy (from June to July) the air temperature is intentionally reduced, reducing the number of irrigations, as in the reproduction of phalaenopsis. The photo vividly illustrates what a healthy flower looks like.
An indirect sign of lack of moisture - lethargy of the lower leaves, which are the first to react with insufficient care. For irrigation use warm tap water with a temperature of 22-24 aboutC. Prerequisite: when watering, the water should be warmer by 2-3 aboutC than the air in the room. Make sure that the water does not fall on the leaves of the plant, otherwise it will begin to rot. It is acceptable to wash the plant with warm water once a week.
Often, excessive watering leads to the death of orchids, because, doubting the need for watering, it is better not to water.
Remember that the root system needsair, and when watering water displaces oxygen from the substrate. Therefore, in the wet ground, remaining without air, the roots "choke" and the plant quickly dies. It is appropriate to add large particles to the substrate in order to reduce the density of the soil. The formation of voids in some measure saves the situation. Light and moisture-intensive mixture can be prepared.
Option 1. Fern roots - 3: 1, peat - 3: 1, leafy ground - 2: 1, pine bark - 1: 1, charcoal - 1: 1.
Option 2. As a substrate, it is appropriate to use boiled pine bark in crushed form. For small plants - a fraction of the bark from 3 to 6 mm, for larger ones - from 6 to 10 mm.
Option 3. Chopped and boiled pine bark mixed with charcoal in a ratio of 10: 1.
Before applying the bark it is dried,otherwise mold may form. No moss is added to the composition; they simply cover the surface roots of the plant. Before applying the mixture, it is sterilized.
This feeding has a good effect on the state of phalaenopsis (orchid) during care and reproduction in indoor conditions.
You can buy ready-made liquid fertilizer fororchids, and you can cook fertilizer yourself, following some rules. Phalaenopsis positively perceives feeding with nitrogen fertilizers during the growing season. For fertilizer prepare a solution at the rate of 1 gram of fertilizer per 1 liter of water, fertilizing flowers 1 time in 14 days after watering.
Phalaenopsis feels best in partial shade.Bright diffused light is the best option for a plant. Efficiency and prolonged flowering is reared by growing a houseplant under artificial lighting conditions (with illumination of 15,000–20,000 lx). For this purpose, LD or LDC lamps are used that give white light.
In winter, phalaenopsis requires a lot of light,because you have to resort to the use of artificial light due to the short duration of the day. At this time, the flower needs up to 12 hours of full light for normal growth, development and reproduction of phalaenopsis.
When the plant is over-illuminated in the summertime, small leaves are formed. As a result of the summer glut of light - in winter, the plant suffers from a lack of light.
To check the light level, putarm between the light source and the plant. A fuzzy reflection of a hand shadow means that there is plenty of light. When reflecting a sharply contoured shadow contour, the light is too bright for the plant.
From morning to 10 o'clock in the afternoon, let's get rich in orchidslight, after, throughout the day, keep in partial shade. The dark green saturation of phalaenopsis leaves means that the flower receives a fair amount of light. When yellowing leaves - excess light.
Transplantation in the destruction of earthy coma occurs painfully. This is due to tears of root hairs, which are responsible for plant nutrition with water and nutrients from the soil.
Therefore, if no salinization of the substrate or loss of its structure is observed, then it is better to transfer into a pot of larger capacity, adding new voids to the voids.
Important! When transshipping the orchid is not buried.
The optimal time for a transplant is the end of spring or summer. At the end of phalaenopsis bloom.
Causes for plant transplantation:
Transplanting often initiates the phenomenon of the flower growing cycle.
During vegetative reproduction at home phalaenopsis, the stem is divided into several parts:
Reproduction is permissible both during flowering and during the vegetative growth of phalaenopsis. For reproduction in the home environment, the optimal life cycle of the plant coincides with the period of transplantation.
To perform reproduction, with this methodWith a sharp knife, the stem of the phalaenopsis is divided into three or more parts, each of which must contain at least one leaf and at least one root process.
The method of phalaenopsis orchid reproduction includes the following steps:
Важно!Used for propagation of orchids phalaenopsis in the home microclimate plant must be completely healthy. Any deviation from optimal care reduces the chances of growing a full-fledged flower.
Now, knowing all about the orchid, the reproduction of Phalaenopsis, for you as a grower to grow a flower on the windowsill - is not difficult.
