General massage. Basic techniques

The influence of massage on the body causes complexphysiological processes that occur with the participation of many organs. The determining role in this mechanism is played by the nervous system. Depending on the strength, nature, place of application of massage influence, the state and functioning of the cerebral cortex changes, resulting in general excitability either decreases or increases. In addition to the nervous system, the mechanism of action on the human body of the procedure is affected by the humoral factor.

It is as follows:under the influence of touch, the skin firstly creates biologically active substances, which then enter the blood. They transmit nerve impulses, and participate in various reactions (including vascular). And in the place where massage is most directly affected, it also has a mechanical effect on the tissue. They stretch, shift, pressure, and as a result, blood circulation is greatly enhanced.

Depending on the affected area of ​​the body, there is a general massage and a local one. In the latter case they act, for example, only on the feet or only on the hand.

Massage is common, like all other types, held in several receptions, the main of which are:

1. Stroking.They always begin and end this procedure. Also it can be carried out after each next reception. If you do a general massage of the back, buttocks, abdomen, stroking are performed with your fingertips, their back surface or palm zigzagging, if the limbs are along and across.

2. Растирание. Этот прием более энергичный.It consists in stretching or shifting the skin along with the tissues lying just below it, in all directions. Rubbing is combined with stroking. It prepares the tissues for the next reception.

3. Mending.This technique is the most difficult, since it affects not only the tissues that are on the surface, but also the muscles located deep. It is performed by the fingers of one hand. There is a reception in grasping, lifting the tissues, squeezing them and stretching them.

4. Vibration. The reception can be performed either by hand or by a special apparatus. It consists in the transmission of trembling movements to a specific area of ​​the body.

General massage has not only receptions, but also rulescarrying out. First, the part of the body that is planned to be subjected to the procedure must be completely exposed, and the muscles are relaxed to the maximum. Secondly, a person must lie. Thirdly, all receptions should be conducted strictly from the periphery and to the center. For ease of movement, specialists use a cream.

There are also diseases in which the generalmassage can not be done. These are malignant neoplasms, skin problems (irritations, rashes, injuries, purulent processes), active tuberculosis, blood diseases, thrombophlebitis.

General massage is not recommended and immediately after eating. There should be at least one and a half to two hours between the procedure and the meal.

Do it specially trained masseurs. Only after detailed individual instruction by a medical worker can the relatives of a patient conduct it at home.