Потребность в устройстве цементной стяжки в The quality of the base coating can arise for various reasons. Among them we can note the desire to make the floor base more even, to strengthen the overall design of the room or to create a "cushion" for heating flooring. In the latter case, the choice of auxiliary interlayers with the effect of plasticization is particularly justified. The very choice of means for increasing the technical qualities of concrete is limited by tight laying conditions, not counting the inevitable reduction in the height of the ceilings. In such cases, screed fiber is used, which takes up little space in the coating structure, but at the same time gives it a whole range of positive performance characteristics.
To understand the principle of operation of the structure of the fiber inthe composition of concrete screeds should first turn to the traditional reinforcement. Metal bars of reinforcement are integrated into the foundation of walls and floors in order to ensure high indicators of structural strength. How this technical solution is justified usually depends on the quality of the bars and the concentration of their presence in the concrete base. In turn, fiber for screed is the same component for reinforcement, but acting with other technical qualities. As a rule, these are thin fibers from plastics, which are drawn out during the manufacturing process and are crushed to some extent. Here you can draw a parallel between the bulk additives in solutions that act as binders and plasticizers. The same cement provides a tight bond between the ingredients of the mixture. Similar functions are performed by fiberglass, realizing also the task of strength reinforcement.
In the general family of reinforcing materialsthere are many options that are suitable for strengthening walls with ceilings, and for the gentle introduction to the finishing mixture. Fiber can be attributed to small-format types of reinforcement, but it is not the only option suitable for screed under the "warm" floor. There is also a metal fiber, which has its advantages. It is durable, more affordable and durable material. And here the question arises - why metal reinforcement is worse than polypropylene fiber? The floor screed solution, in which steel fibers are present, has several disadvantages. First of all, the metal itself has the properties of electrostatics, which can create problems in the case of water floors, and when laying electrical mats. Secondly, the close contact of metal with plastic pipes leads to undesirable chemical reactions of destruction. Both of these drawbacks are completely devoid of polypropylene fiber, but at the same time, it corresponds to analogues in technical and operational properties.
In the composition of plastic fibers, as a rule, there is one component - polypropylene. The density of the material varies from 0.9 to 0.95 g / cm3that indicates sufficient qualitystiffness of fibers. It cannot be said that it is comparable with the indicators of the same steel mesh, but for a home screed it is quite enough. Moreover, the function of mechanical reinforcement in this case is not so important. Dimensional characteristics are very diverse. Thus, the fiber diameter can be from 15 to 25 microns, and in length - from 6 to 20 cm. It is important to note that the fiber for the screed, as opposed to reinforcement or mesh reinforcing layers, is often a crumbly fibrous material, therefore standard sizes are conditional character
Fiberglass makers usually state twothe main qualities that can be achieved through the use of this material. It is durable and elastic. After placing the mortar, it takes a little time to freeze, and after a few days the screed will effectively withstand mechanical, chemical and other effects. In addition, the fiber for screed floor heating also prevents the natural processes of concrete destruction as such. Practice shows that the addition of polypropylene fibers in the composition of the solution reduces the probability of delamination of the cement structure, the formation of cracks, chips and shrinkage defects. Floor heating systems are not recommended for use in rooms with high humidity - for example, in the bathroom or in the kitchen. However, reinforcement with polypropylene makes the concrete waterproof, so the risks of negative impact in such conditions are significantly reduced.
A universal proportion that would fit ineach case does not exist. To select the optimal ratio of solution and fiber should be based on the requirements of the screed. The minimum volume is 300 g / m3. В этом случае себя проявят внешние the characteristics of concrete — for example, the binding function will improve and, in general, working with the mortar will be facilitated. But in the long run, such inclusion will not be effective. The average volume in the norm is already 600 g / m3. In this proportion, you can count onthe achievement of plasticization properties, the same water resistance and elasticity. If there is a question about how much fiber to add to the screed based on the area, then the average rate can be considered 30 grams per 1 m2 with a coating thickness of 3 cm.And here we must bear in mind another aspect - will the increase in fiber concentration in the concrete structure justify itself? As in the case of conventional reinforcement, the excess content of additional components in a concrete base can cause internal stress. Thus, cracking and splitting can be achieved.
Подготовительные работы осуществляются по общим to the principles. The platform on which the concrete base will be arranged is cleared of debris, dust and other objects. At the same time, the rough surface itself should not have serious defects. If available, use primer and grout mixes. The coating on which the mortar and fiber for the screed will be laid should not only be clean but also smooth. Next, wooden or plastic beacons are arranged, forming formwork contours in some way. In the formed boundaries, the base of the screed will be arranged.
Work begins with the preparation of the mixture.Immediately it should be noted that the home screed for floor heating is best done on the basis of Portland cement. If necessary, other plasticizers can be included in the dry mass preparation stage. At the same stage, prior to pouring with water, fiber is also applied for the screed, the consumption of which, as already noted, is calculated in the proportion of 300-600 g / m3. Next, the mixture is thoroughly stirred andfilled with water in accordance with the instructions for the use of cement of a particular brand. After bringing the mixture to the optimum state by stirring, you can pour the prepared pad. Again, the layer thickness can be up to 3 cm, and all 10 cm. It depends on what type of floor heating system is used. After that, the ready mass should be stirred again using a vibratory compactor. At the final stage, the screed is leveled and it remains to wait a few days so that it can acquire the desired characteristics.
Underfloor heating system by itselfIt is a rather complex component in terms of penetration of concrete screed into the mass. It should be understood that, depending on the type of its functional elements, it may be necessary to use additional operations - for example, the inclusion of insulating layers. In turn, fiber for screed "warm" floor not only strengthens the concrete mass, but also acts as an assistant in the distribution of heat. Due to the unique effect of spatial micro-reinforcement, this filler allows you to evenly distribute the properties of the structure of the screed throughout the site. Moreover, the internal physical processes of concrete do not adversely affect the quality of the heating system.
