The wiring diagram was always needed for construction and repair. It is very difficult to navigate around the house without a wiring diagram, because after a major euro-repair, often both pipes and wiring are hidden.
During the restructuring, it is also desirable to draw a scheme according to which it would be possible to navigate in the performance of various works.
This is a diagram of installation of communications, startingwith heating pipes and ending with the wiring diagram. Fundamentally, wiring diagrams are needed only to clarify and avoid errors even before they occur, and they are almost indistinguishable from each other, fulfilling their intended purpose.
It is best to start the repair with the wiring diagram, drawing up all the complex nodes, communications and their intersections.
Particular attention should be paid to places.intersections of water and heating pipes, it is very important not to confuse them and to lay them so that in case of leakage or damage you can determine from memory what the pipe is.
In the old high-rise buildings of particular problems with thisNo, the pipes go mostly hidden and leave only at the points of attachment to the tap or battery. Even under the sink it is often difficult to mix up hot and cold water.
It is necessary to take this as an ideal sample when drawing up wiring diagrams.
Составление монтажных схем лучше начинать перед the beginning of repair and any work coordinated on the circuits of electrical and pipelines. In rooms with high humidity, all connections must be carefully insulated, since moisture is unacceptable in electrical wiring, sockets should be used with covers and secured at least 50 cm from a source of moisture, this should be mentioned in the diagram.
The wiring diagram is composed of real measurements of objects, if it is an inaccurate scheme, then long identical sections can be cut out and the main nodes can be enlarged.
Wiring diagram is best done immediatelyafter repair, at least you should record the distance from the walls, ceiling. This is necessary in order to fix the photo on the wall or other objects not to get into the wire.
Similarly, with plumbing hidden pipes that run under the tile. It is necessary to examine the places of pipe laying before installation of mixers and other equipment in order not to fall into them.
There is an assembly and technological scheme, on itindicated pipes or electrical wiring, which constitute the designers, they set the basic approximate norms without taking into account many factors. This is necessary in order to have a general idea of the pipeline or power transmission.
Such schemes are necessary for approximate calculation.material, equipment and are not prepared for the working draft and translate into reality, and for preliminary analysis. If we want to lay a half-meter pipe for the pipeline, then we first need to superficially analyze, without taking into account many factors.
Then draw up a more detailed scheme, wherethere are valves, wells, valves, fencing, signs and other many elements, without which it is impossible to calculate the required scope of work and the exact task for installers.
This wiring diagram, which in turnperformed by workers, chief engineers, foremen, and other people who directly make up more detailed and detailed schemes based on local conditions.
They can more accurately indicate the required cross section.wires, diameter, size and material of pipes, as well as the product should be indicated on the diagram, which goes through the pipes, with appropriate marking. Power transmission with the specified voltage and amperage, the material from which the wiring is made, support, insulators and other numerous elements.
Also on the diagram should be different devices andequipment that is included in the circuit, transformer rooms, more detailed diagrams of many complex assemblies, valves, supports, walls and other elements that play an important role affect the length and material, thickness of the overall system.
For private houses and apartments wiring diagramheating may be different. In his house, the circuit is often closed by a heating boiler, which is extremely rare in apartments. It is possible to use an autonomous double-circuit boiler, where hot water is used both for heating and faucets.
В таком случае очень важно либо наклеивать на pipe special tags, or paint in certain colors. You can experiment with them, make the original color, purple or bright green, it will emphasize the interior and the need to mask the pipes will disappear, because they will become part of a design masterpiece.
No matter what color, the main thing is that you yourselfthey knew that green is heating, and the purple pipe is the one that goes to the faucet. This is very useful when the pipe suddenly breaks and you need to urgently close the main cranes.
The wiring diagram for water pipelines is different.from heating so that it is not closed. In case of water leakage, we will only need to shut off 1 valve, not 2, it is also desirable to mark them with different colors or symbols, especially in the nodes where 3 or more pipes are connected.
Two or more pipes running in parallel always caused confusion among installers.
На длинных расстояниях в подвалах и котельных Be sure to be marked or painted in standard colors all pipes running in parallel. In the home there is no such need, but it is desirable to adhere to the same tradition and on the folds draw the letters D and X, which means hot and cold.
Also on the wiring diagrams to avoid confusion, the pipes are marked in special colors, blue is cold, red is hot, yellow is the gas pipeline, gray is with compressed air and so on.
If you made a repair and do not want to accidentallypunch the hidden pipe under the tile, then you need to at least write in notebooks, where the pipes pass, at what distance from the wall, the number and sequence relative to each other.
Let's say the bathroom has at least 4pipes - cold water, hot and two heating. If all the pipes are hidden, and you want to attach a mount for the shower handle near the radiator or above the faucet, then work without a wiring diagram can end very badly if the pipe is damaged.
Therefore, it is very important to at least know about the location of the pipes, plus or minus 5 cm, if there is no scheme. And in the repair must write.
It is best to mark on the scheme with different colors.pipes, it is very important not to miss the distance from the ceiling and walls, so that there is a guideline, the material of the pipe, in case of damage, to know which pipe to buy for the connection, diameter and so on.
The more information you have, the easier it will be to further exploit it, so you shouldn’t waste your time on recording.
Монтажные схемы электрооборудования отличаются more complexity: it is necessary during installation to indicate in the notebook the main components - bagging, automatic machines, wiring diagram. Sign, which switch where it goes, to the air conditioner or washing machine, which often require a separate circuit breaker.
Then draw all the wires, their location,write the distance from the ceiling of all the hidden wires, often in the norm is about 10 cm, to minimize getting into the line. But often the damage still occurs, and in order to repair it, you need to try hard.
To avoid this, everything should be recorded.In a hollow plasterboard wall, the task is simplified, because the wire normally goes along with a corrugated sheath, which is not as easy to damage with a screw or self-tapping screw as the wire.
Not hidden wire is best placed either incorrugated, or a special sheath to protect the wire from possible damage, which is fraught with not only replacing, but also with an electric shock to an inaccurate person.
In the bathroom it is better to use wires indouble shell, with reliable insulation of all elements of the connection, because the condensate is bound to cause a short circuit in inattentive owners.
Also in a private house useful wiring diagramconnect starter, for example, an electric motor on a small machine. This is necessary when replacing parts to avoid confusion of elements. The diagram should indicate the main parts, including mounting, diameter and wire material.
It is necessary that the diagrams also had a sectionwires, the distance between the centers of the mounting holes, the main adjacent parts and so on, which may be important when replacing the line, equipment, so that only one careful viewing of the scheme was enough and it could be said whether the new element fits or not.
If the starter (starter) on the car,it can not do without a connection scheme. It is very convenient to use not a simple scheme, but a volume one, where the main connection points are indicated, which is the key to success for a beginner without a mentor.
The wiring diagram is an integral element.for any construction and repair process, without it, do not build a pipeline to the house, do not neglect this important detail for the quality repair of any house.
