The electrical device of a specialuse, operating in an autonomous mode from a mechanical motor, is a synchronous generator. The device has found application in a private economy. It is used to generate an electric current of industrial frequency. In addition, the invention works as a current generator for welding equipment. The synchronous machine is mounted in diesel and gasoline power plants.
Synchronous generator. Device
The electric machine consists of:
1. The stator.
2. Rotor.
3. Winding the generator.
4. Current compounding systems.
5. Stator winding switch.
6. Welding current rectifier.
7. Cables.
8. Welding device.
9. Winding the rotor.
10. Adjustable current source (permanent).
The synchronous generator is used in the following modes:a generator of a current of 50 Hz., a welding synchronous generator, a device with an increased frequency. The invention makes it possible to create small-sized electrical assemblies of universal application. The synchronous generator drives the equipment in places with no centralized power grids. It can be used in farms far from settlements.
Characteristics of the synchronous generator are calculatedto create an electric generator with new consumer capabilities. This means that, in the implementation of this invention, the same device can be operated as a power source with a frequency of 50 Hz or more, and also as a supplier of a current rectified for arc welding, it is endowed with a steeply flowing external characteristic of the working area. At the same time, welding properties are provided, which are not inferior to three-winding collector welding generators of direct current.
How does the synchronous generator work?
The principle of operation is based on electromagnetic induction. The transformation of mechanical energy intoelectric. The electric machine works as a generator (in its mode). In this case, the rotational frequencies of the magnetic fields of the stator and the rotor are the same. On the windings of the rotor voltage is applied, a magnetic field is formed. Rotating, it penetrates through the stator winding and forms EMF in it.
The rotor is of the phase and short-circuited type, independing on the type of winding. The auxiliary winding of the stator creates a rotating magnetic field. It induces a magnetic field on the rotor, which induces EMF. At the moment of starting the electric station, the rotor creates a weak magnetic field. With increased speed, the EMF in the excitation winding increases. The winding voltage penetrates the rotor through the auto-adjusting unit. Control over the output voltage is carried out by changing the magnetic field. Stability is provided by changing the magnetic field of the rotor by controlling the current in its winding. This method of adjustment ensures stabilization of the output voltage of the device.
Advantages and disadvantages of a synchronous generator
The first concerns the consistency of the outgoingvoltage. The downside is the possibility of overloading under increased load. The regulator can increase the current in the rotor winding. The drawbacks of a synchronous generator can also be attributed to the presence of a brush device. Over time, it will need maintenance. In our time, this defect has been eliminated.
Modern generators of synchronous type producewithout the brush assembly. The equipment of the new generation has a long service life, reliability in work in difficult production conditions. Built-in sensors and electronics provide real-time operation. The newest technological solutions provide a synchronous generator with high efficiency. Products are used in industry and in ship equipment.
