Despite the achievements of modern medicine,In particular, the presence of vaccines, as well as effective drugs, whooping cough is still quite a dangerous disease. This pediatric infection is not only widespread, but can also have dire consequences.
Knowing the characteristics, as well as taking into account the tactics of treating pertussis in a child, each parent can significantly ease the course of the disease in the baby and prevent the development of dangerous complications.
To understand exactly what it isdisease, be sure to know what the symptoms, diagnosis, treatment of pertussis in children. It is an infectious disease characterized by lesions of the respiratory organs and bouts of severe coughing. Despite the mandatory vaccination, whooping cough is very often diagnosed in children under the age of 5 years.
Very large susceptibility to the causative agentunvaccinated children, so they very often suffer from this disease. The patient remains infectious in the first 25 days. Despite the fact that the pertussis wand is very contagious, it quickly dies in the environment.
Pronounced seasonal increase in casesno infections have been identified, but children most often get sick in the autumn-winter period. In vaccinated children, whooping cough is very rarely diagnosed. The occurrence of the disease in this case is due to non-compliance with the vaccination schedule and the deterioration of immunity.
Взрослые, привитые или переболевшие в детском age, can get sick only after 50 years. This is due to a gradual decrease in immune defense. In this case, the disease is hidden and mimics the common cold.
In medicine, there are three forms of the course of an infectious disease, in particular:
With the typical form of the development processpasses according to the classical scheme. The atypical form is characterized by the fact that there is no pronounced symptomatology, the patient is worried only by an attack-like cough. If a bacteriocarrier is diagnosed, the patient is a carrier of the virus, but this infection itself does not get sick.
Whooping cough infection occurs only fromsick person. It is transmitted by airborne droplets. In this case, a person is considered infectious not only at the peak of the disease, but also for 30 days after the complex treatment.
To conduct a comprehensive treatment of whooping coughchild, you need to correctly diagnose the course of the disease, and for this it is important to know what symptoms may be. From the moment of infection and until the first signs of the disease occur, it takes about 5-7 days. However, this period may continue for 3 weeks. The pertussis bacterium affects the bronchi and bronchioles. In this case, the trachea, larynx and nasopharynx are less susceptible to inflammation.
At the same time, pathogens release toxins that activate cough. As a result, characteristic symptoms appear. In its development, whooping cough goes through several stages.
At the initial stage, symptoms are similar torunning of a common cold. The child has sneezing, runny nose, a slight fever, cough and sore throat. A characteristic feature is that in the treatment of whooping cough in a child, cough is not stopped by antitussive drugs.
The paroxysmal period begins about the 3rdof the week. At this time, the multiplication of bacteria provokes a significant increase in cough. The attacks become very painful, there is clearly a spastic cough, a whistling noise on the inhale that leads to a viscous sputum.
Attacks last for 3-4 minutes andoften occur at night or early in the morning. In this case, the symptoms may be accompanied by convulsions, vomiting, and respiratory failure. Against the background of normal temperature, the child’s well-being is significantly deteriorated, tearfulness and irritability appear. In addition, there may be a slight hemorrhage on the skin, as well as conjunctiva.
If a high temperature is observed during this period, this indicates adherence of streptococcus or staphylococcus. The duration of the paroxysmal period is 3-4 weeks.
Gradually, the symptoms begin to subside and completely disappear under the action of antibodies produced, eliminating pathogenic microorganisms and coughing.
Before starting treatment of whooping cough in a child,you need to conduct a comprehensive diagnosis, which will determine the peculiarity of the course of the disease. For more accurate diagnosis methods are used such as:
The main diagnostic method isbacteriological, allowing to determine the causative agent of the disease. In the catarrhal period, it is very difficult to recognize the course of the disease. Usually, a diagnosis is made based on the data of a survey of a patient who has been in contact with a patient.
Выделяют возбудитель коклюша путем забора мазка from the oropharynx and subsequent seeding of the material obtained on the nutrient medium in the laboratory. With a negative result, you can use the serological methods of research. To this end, antibodies to venous pertussis and its toxins are detected in venous blood.
The method of therapy is selected afterdiagnostics and determining the stage of development of the disease. A doctor selects an individual course of treatment for each patient. Only strict adherence to all prescriptions of a doctor will help to achieve a good result.
Often, therapy is carried out at home.A hospital stay is required only when the patient is in a serious condition and the child is under 3 months old. Standards for the treatment of pertussis in children include:
In addition, as additional procedures, you can use methods such as:
Together with the use of special drugsIt is also shown popular treatment for whooping cough in children, since these techniques are completely safe, but at the same time help to eliminate the existing symptoms quickly and effectively.
For the treatment of a child with whooping cough, antibacterial preparations are mainly used to clean the body of bacteria. In addition, appointed:
Antibacterial drugs for the treatment of whooping coughchildren are selected individually, depending on the sensitivity of the infection. In general, the doctor prescribes Levomycetin, Ampicillin, macrolides and aminoglycosides. The course of therapy is approximately 5-7 days. At the beginning of treatment, you need to enter a special gammaglobulin.
In addition, depending on the symptoms of whooping coughin children 2 years, the treatment is further symptomatic. First of all, prescribe antihistamines that help eliminate laryngeal edema and reduce the intensity of cough. In severe cases, the use of antispasmodics is required.
When a runny nose and nasal congestionapply vasoconstrictor drops, and to reduce the temperature - antipyretic drugs. Antitussive medications are not prescribed, as they are aimed at removing sputum, which means they stimulate coughing even more. In addition, it is shown the use of special vitamin complexes that help stimulate the immune system.
It is important not only to use specialdrugs and traditional methods of treatment of whooping cough in children, but also to observe the daily regimen, as well as organize proper nutrition for the baby. The child must be in a well-ventilated, but at the same time protected from drafts room. Wet cleaning should be carried out at least 2 times a day. A sick child should be carefully protected from hypothermia, overheating, and contact with infected people. The body of a baby weakened by whooping cough becomes very susceptible to various kinds of diseases.
It is important to ensure complete rest, to ensure thatso that the baby does not overwork, as well as more rest. It is necessary to exclude all irritating factors. Crying, stress and mood swings can provoke a coughing fit, worsening the child’s well-being.
An important condition for successful recovery iswalks in the open air. In addition, it is important to follow a certain diet. Nutrition of the sick child should be complete, so you need to reduce the volume of servings and increase the frequency of feeding. Do not eat solid food, as it will irritate the back wall of the pharynx and provoke an attack of cough. During the course of the disease the child should drink plenty of water.
Traditional methods of treatment of whooping cough in children givegood result only in combination with conservative treatment. There are certain fees and plants that help to significantly reduce the spasm, making seizures much easier.
Applying a folk treatment for whooping cough in childrenyou should first consult with your doctor about the use of certain means. Well helps to stop a dry, barking cough plant arnica. In addition, it eliminates arousal and spasm. For this you need 1 tbsp. l dry herbs pour 1 tbsp. boiling water and leave to infuse for 2 hours. It is best to take it overnight, since it is during this period that there is a greater number of attacks.
Лечение коклюша народными средствами у детей The reviews are quite good, the most important thing is to properly prepare and apply them. For the preparation of medicinal collection you need to take in equal proportions such herbs as:
Need to take 3 tbsp. lgrass collection and pour 1 liter of boiling water. Then insist at least 6 hours. Take 1 tbsp. l every 3 hours. Active ingredients soothe laryngeal mucosa, relieve puffiness and help reduce spasm. Treatment of whooping cough with homeopathy in children is widely used, since this remedy has practically no contraindications, however, it is necessary to take this medicine strictly under the supervision of a doctor and in compliance with the dosage.
Ели ночью у ребенка начался приступ кашля, то you can give him drink warm water to soothe the inflamed mucosa. It is important to take antihistamines, which will help prevent an increase in puffiness. With a strong coughing fit you can inhale with a nebulizer. In addition, steam inhalations can also be performed.
Полезной может быть солевая лампа.It is covered with a canopy of mineral salt, which, when heated, begins to release ions that purify the air. If the child is small, then in case of a coughing attack, you need to call an ambulance.
The prognosis after the treatment is largelydepends on the symptoms and treatment of whooping cough in children. Feedback from parents is mostly the most positive. After the treatment, the child develops a strong immunity, and the recurrence of the disease is almost impossible. However, coughing attacks may occur for several months after recovery.
Long-term symptoms can be observed up to about six months, but this often occurs against the background of the occurrence of respiratory diseases.
Лечение коклюша у грудных детей проводится, в mainly in the hospital, since their disease is severe, and the incubation period is shorter. The catarrhal stage very quickly passes into a paroxysmal prolonged period.
A classic coughing fit may not be.Instead, there is a constant cry, anxiety, sneezing. The child tries to take the position of the embryo. There may be respiratory arrest during an attack or in between. This condition is especially dangerous in a dream. Infants have a very high risk of developing complications.
Whooping cough is especially difficult in children under 6months, and up to 3 months there are no mild forms of the disease. That is why there is a high risk of death. Among the main complications it is necessary to distinguish such as:
Acute respiratory diseases have a very bad effect on pertussis, causing bronchopulmonary complications.
The only thing that can be guaranteedprotection against whooping cough is vaccination. It is completely free. You need to make 3 such vaccinations with an interval of 3 months, and revaccination should be carried out at the age of 18 months.
If whooping cough is infected, then such a patient should be urgently isolated for 30 days. In the children's team, quarantine is introduced for 2 weeks from the date of isolation of the sick child.
It is worth remembering that whooping cough in a child is quite difficult, especially for children of the first year of life. That is why it is important to timely recognize the existing symptoms and conduct treatment.
