Strategic and tactical planningallows to realize the basic administrative functions of any organization. Especially if as additional tools use specially developed programs and projects with subsequent tracking of their high-quality implementation.
The definition of tasks and goals that are setmanagement of the company, precedes strategic planning. Only the development of a clear plan will facilitate the implementation of such managerial functions as motivation, organization and control.
The basis of the organization isstrategic planning, which should address both organizational issues and the problems of resource allocation, forecasting, adaptation to the environment and internal organization of the enterprise.
Tactical planning is closely relatedwith it and is to clarify, correct, supplement and specify the strategy developed. Under tactics, it is necessary to understand the planning of certain actions that represent sufficiently effective methods for achieving the goals indicated in the plan. In other words, a tactical approach to planning is a form of expressing a strategic direction.
Tactical planning with strategicrelated purposes, the essence of which is to determine the ways in which the company should strive to achieve the set goals and objectives. This is a kind of detailed planning, development and definition of activities. Tactics are certain stages, steps to achieve the goal, which is provided by the strategy.
For a better understanding of what tactical planning is, it is necessary to consider in detail the main differences between it and the strategic one.
First, these two concepts differ from each otherAnother detail of the drawing up of plans. In strategic planning, the general line of the enterprise's operation is built, and in the case of tactical planning, programs are developed that take into account the small details of the subject's vital activity.
Secondly, the strategy involves drawing up plans for a long-term period. A tactic is a short-term planning.
Thirdly, these two concepts differ from each otherfriend of the level of professionals who as a result must take a decision. So, when making strategic plans, decision-making is assigned to top management. Tactical planning is considered by numerous specialists of middle management.
Fourthly, when drawing up a strategy,consideration of tasks and problems that are rarely encountered in the course of the company's activities, and when planning for a short-term period - regular problem issues should be resolved.
Fifth, the difference between the two methods of planning is the number of alternatives. When strategic - a large number of alternatives, with the tactical - they are very few.
Short-term planning processconsists of the preparation of the plan and its approval or acceptance. At the same time, preparation includes the collection and systematization of information with subsequent refinement for updating. Based on the data obtained, they are analyzed and clarified tasks, planning objectives, as well as the preparation of activities to achieve them. In the case when there are no objections to the plan from the specialists of the enterprise, it is approved by the head.
Also, tactical planning can be current or operational. For this work site, the manager of the enterprise basically is responsible, who can plan the work of the company for a day or a month.
