When carrying out construction work on enoughlarge objects often happens in such a way that it is almost impossible to determine the total estimated cost at once. There is no secret that the prices for raw materials, building materials, all kinds of equipment, tools, labor resources and other things are constantly changing, and more often upwards. In addition, it is not necessary to exclude the possibility of occurrence of force majeure circumstances, which are usually specified in the contract. For this reason, in the process of construction or repair, it makes sense to compile this type of document as a local estimate. This is an absolutely appropriate and well thought out solution, because at the initial stage the costs have not been determined definitively, and we can only name the approximate cost of all works at the current moment. Near the end of the repair, the estimated cost can drastically change, and the customer may not be ready to incur additional costs.
What is the local estimate for the general constructionwork? This is the primary document in which the calculation of certain types of work and costs carried out at some particular site of the facility. Initially, averaged indicators are taken, which later on, when the remaining working documentation is compiled, is specified and agreed with the customer. Any estimates of construction and repair work are calculated using certain norms and rules contained in special handbooks. Most often such a guide is SNiP. Since its standards are officially approved, bona fide contractors will not shy away from them in the direction of their wild imagination.
Local estimates are based onvolumes, measurements and costs, as indicated in the working drawings or working documentation. It is one of the parts of the general, object budget, which combines the data within all the local calculations made at the site. Also among other documentation there is a summary estimate, in which separate types of costs are calculated for the entire construction. It is necessary in order, among other things, to identify unforeseen expenses.
However, there is not only a local estimate,object and consolidated: this type of document can be composed, for example, only for some specific type of work performed. It can be construction and installation, repair, finishing and other works; there may be estimates only for electricians or only for plumbing. If we talk about the methods of compiling this document, then one of the most common can be considered resource. Calculation using this method is carried out using current or projected tariffs and cost elements for the necessary work. When performing a resource calculation, the following data are taken as a basis:
All these resources are calculated based on project materials and specialized regulatory sources.
Also, local estimates and others may beare compiled by the basis-index method. It is based on the application of a system of both current and forecasted indices relative to the value that was determined at the basic price level. Often, in order to compile an estimate, use the resource-index method. Its essence lies in the combination of the two previous methods. And one more variant of drawing up of the document is very demanded: it is based on use of those or other data reflected in the design documentation of previously constructed similar objects.
