Certainly some novice drivers do not knowsuch thing: the timing belt - what is it, what is it for. Therefore, you should conduct a small introductory course to understand how important an element in the engine it is. It starts with how it looks, where it is located, and also learns its internal structure. Well, finish better with a small guide to replace the belt and related elements. But first things first.
But it is worth thinking about:Timing belt - what is it, what advantages can it give? Note that it is flexible. This is one of its advantages. Appearance - a small width of the belt, the outer part is smooth, the inside of the teeth. But hardly anyone thought about what gives him such strength. After all, its life on most cars is about 60 thousand kilometers, and this is about 2 years of operation in normal mode.
The outer part is the base.It is smooth, able to provide reliable protection against any liquid - antifreeze, water, oil. Internal - it's teeth, their profile can be of three types. Simple curved or modified, as well as trapezoidal. The teeth ensure a reliable grip on the crankshaft pulleys and camshafts. But the most important is inside the belt - there are filaments of fiberglass. The winding of these yarns is made in a spiral, which makes it possible to provide excellent elasticity and the ability to withstand the tensile load.
Now that we have sorted out more or less whattiming belt, that this device is, you can move on and on - determine for what purpose it is needed. Current cars have a system of valves driven by a shaft on which the cams are located. This mechanism is called "gas distribution". The fact is that with its help the combustion chamber opens and closes during the cycles of intake and exhaust. Consequently, during the combustion of the air-fuel mixture, the maximum tightness of the combustion chamber is ensured.
This way you can achieve more power.Indeed, if you compare it with engines that do not have valves, you can see not only increased power, but also efficiency. The timing belt "Ford" is also made of elastic materials. Previously, only chains were used for the drive, but they have exactly the same resource, and the noise is produced an order of magnitude more. That's just the valves in the engine can be a different number, but you need to control all. And so that they worked in time with the pistons. Some engines use two belts. True, it's on very powerful and expensive cars.
To understand whether it is necessary to accurately expose shafts tojust imagine how the engine will work if an imbalance occurs. Presented? Yes, not a very beautiful situation. Suppose, in the first cylinder, the fuel injection stroke must occur. But because of incorrect installation of a belt the inlet valve appears completely closed, and the final one is opened. Consequently, all fuel simply does not enter the combustion chamber, nor does it ignite in a timely manner.
Затем происходит рабочий такт, при котором ignited mixture. She had to catch fire, but she was not there, she stopped at the entrance and was separated by a valve. If the timing belt marks were set correctly, there would be no problems. And now a spark jumps, but it illuminates a dark and empty combustion chamber. During the exhaust stroke, the intake valve opens, some fuel is supplied. Provided that it does not splash back into the ramp or the carburetor. In the next cycle, a small part burns, and everything else goes to the exhaust system. With this work, the engine will never start, so it is extremely important to accurately mark.
So we got to the most important question, onwho needs to know all the answers. What tags are there and where to look for them? Knowing the construction of one car, it's easy, acting by analogy, to replace the belt on any other. If you know how to replace the timing belt "Renault", then for you it will not be a problem to install a new one on the "nine" or even the "top ten" 16-valve. The main thing is to know where to find the tags you need.
First, there are marks on the flywheel and the engine block. Secondly, on the camshaft, or more precisely, on the drive gear, there is a mark.
Now it’s worth considering the most popularengine models. If 8-valve, then they have one camshaft. If the 16-valve - then two, and in addition to the tensioner roller, there is one more. He is not needed for adjustments, with his help, the timing belt "Chevrolet" is held in the normal position. There are no significant differences in the installation procedure for pulleys on the tags, you only need to put them against each other.
On different cars are replaced withsome features. For example, on some Renault models, in particular, on Logan, which is popular in our country, it is necessary to hang the engine, since it is necessary to remove its pillow. Without this, it is impossible to remove the belt and put a new one. The owners of these cars know what a timing belt is, how to deal with it, so they can carry out the replacement very quickly without resorting to the services of car services.
But in most cases it is enough to raiseright side of the machine, then remove the wheel. You remove the protective cover from plastic which covers the drive. Also dismantle the belt drive additional mounted mechanisms - power steering, alternator, air conditioning, depending on the vehicle. Then you need to remove the drive pulley additional mechanisms. The crankshaft pulley that drives the timing belt does not need to be removed, just release it. Now it remains only to loosen the tensioning roller and pull the belt over to remove it from the pulleys.
Многие задаются вопросом о том, чем опасен обрыв timing belt. In this case, you need to contact experienced auto mechanics who know the device of the piston group of your particular engine model. If we take domestic cars as an example, there are many differences in the model range of 2108 engines. On some, the break in the belt is painless, on the other you can bend the valves and even damage the cylinder head.
Pay attention to whether there are scraps onthe upper surfaces of the pistons. If they are present, you will not get to costly repairs in the event of a break. But if they are not there, damage to the valve system will inevitably occur. Do you plan to use the car for a long time? Refer to the turner, which will make the notches on the pistons. This can really protect the engine. And the only thing that you will need in the future is to carry a spare belt with you to quickly replace. Of course, after the break, you will learn what a timing belt is and how to change it in the field. But bitter experience is a lesson for you, and it is very useful. Surely every motorist faced with such an occupation away from home.
And now it's worth talking about thatmost cars use the timing diagram, which has already become a classic. The belt also rotates the pump pulley, which the cooling system needs for normal operation. Looking at the resource pump and belt, you can see that the first is not much more. And the cost of this unit is not so big, so you should replace the pump at the same time with the timing belt. Of course, the rollers always need to be changed, since their resource is the same as that of the belt.
However, for this you need to completely mergeliquid from the engine cooling system, allowing it to cool for a while if the engine was recently shut off. In all models, there are practically two drain holes in the unit and in the lower part of the radiator. Again, note that the resource of antifreeze is not very big. Its additives evaporate, and properties change after 60 thousand kilometers. Is not it better to replace and antifreeze? Therefore, having figured out the timing belt - what it is, you need to determine what other parts to replace when installing a new one.
Depending on what kind of car, you canchange different drives. In particular, very often car owners, along with the timing drive, change the belts of the generator, the air conditioning compressor and the power steering. This turns out to be quite reasonable, since their service life does not always exceed that provided by the timing belt. And the external effects on these belts are much more, since they do not cover themselves with protective covers in most cases.
And if for the gas distribution mechanismIt’s important that the timing belt marks are correctly set, this condition is irrelevant for the other drives. Installation is arbitrary. All dust and water droplets immediately settle on the surface of the accessory drive belts. Here and before the appearance of cracks for long. Of course, if the belt of the generator or the air conditioner compressor suddenly breaks, the engine will not suffer, it will not need to be repaired. It will only become less comfortable or just the battery will begin to discharge.
So you figured out why change the timing belt.Now you can safely proceed to this simple matter, having familiarized yourself with the design features of the mechanism on your car. The main thing is to correctly set the tags and make a quality repair. For example, with a strong wear of the pump, the belt begins to crawl, its edge rubs against the roller, and the surface width gradually decreases. This can cause a break, which could easily lead to a repair of the cylinder head.
