Moscow black breed of chickens: description, photos, reviews

Moscow black breed of chickens (description of the breedis given in the article) refers to the universal representatives of meat-meat direction. It is popular with farmers and gardeners, it refers to a breed that is beneficial for home breeding and maintenance. Numerous livestock of poultry in homesteads and farms ensures the uninterrupted supply of fresh eggs and dietary meat.

Breeds of chickens

The very first, domesticated more than 8000 years agoa bird is considered to be a can of chicken. The process of domestication and breeding of chickens led to the appearance of more than 100 different breeds of poultry. Depending on the needs of the person and his desire to see a certain final result, several directions were chosen for the deducing of specialized chickens.

According to the economic sign (purpose of use), all breeds are divided into the main groups:

• Egg: they have a small body weight, meat of low taste quality, but high egg-laying (Russian white, leggorn, Oryol, figun).
• Meat: they are valued for excellent meat with excellent taste, great body weight, but their egg-laying is low (cochin, brahma, Plymouth, red white-tailed).
• Meat-eating universal chickens with good egg-laying and good tasty meat (rod-ayland, Poltava, New Hampshire, Moscow black breed of chickens (photo in the text)).
• Fighting: withdrawn for cockfighting, fairly massive birds (Indian black, kulangs, Malay, Moscow fighting).
• Decorative, distinctive features of which are the sizes, color of plumage, loud singing, length of a pen and other (Jurlovski holosistaya, paduan, vyandot dwarfish, sibright).

According to the breeding selection, the breeds of chickens are classified into:

• Asian;
• European;
• the Mediterranean.

History of deducing

The Moscow black breed of chickens was eaten by breeders of the Bratcevskaya poultry farm in close cooperation with the scientists of the TSHA, the Department of Poultry.

Long-term work with the original brown rocksLeggons, New Hampshires and Jurlovski vociferous ones were conducted taking into account the obtaining of the desired bird species - universal, suitable for industrial and domestic breeding. They were chosen not by chance:

• Leghorns are the most egg-bearing;
• New Hampshires - large sizes and increased performance;
• Jurlovski vociferous - are distinguished by high viability.

From the received hybrids the most viable, productive and early maturing were selected. Then they continued to breed "in themselves."

In 1980, the Moscow black breed of chickens wasofficially registered. Work on improving the bird continues to this day. Breeders are working on the development of new lines, consolidating and developing the necessary qualities.

Farmers and summer residents interested in Moscowblack breed of chickens. Reviews of the first bird owners were only positive, which served as an impetus for the widespread distribution of the Moscow black chicken breed.

Description

What does the Moscow black breed of chickens look like? Description:

• body - has an elongated shape and well developed musculature.
• plumage - dense, black, with impregnations of copper-golden color, for cocks, shoulders, manes, loins may be bright gold color;
• head - wide;
• back - wide, long, straight;
• neck - medium;
• chest - convex, wide;
• the crest is of a small size, leaf-shaped, erect, red;
• beak - curved, medium length, black;
• eyes - orange;
• ear lobes - may be white or red;
• tail - low set, well developed;
• wings - of moderate length;
• legs - of medium length, the color of legs in chickens is darker than that of cocks.

Productivity

To determine the economic value of birds, indicators common to all breeds have been developed and are being applied.

• live weight of chicken - 2.5, rooster - 3.5 kg;
• egg production - 220 eggs, maximum up to 280 pieces;
• feed costs - maximum 2 kg per 10 pieces of eggs;
• egg weight (maximum) - 60 grams;
• oviposition starts at the age of 160 days;
• Fecundity of demolished eggs - 90%;
• the yield of chickens is 92%;
• chickens, as a rule, have a dark color.

Content

In the household plots, the content of a smallthe number of birds does not cause serious problems. The Moscow black breed of chickens, because of its balance, does not need fences. Quiet, ungainly nature of the chickens allows them to be kept in large areas without any fear. Although the bird adapts well to the cellular content, a large chicken coop is preferable.

Dense plumage will save you from the cold, but forcomfortable keeping in the henhouse should be warm. The floor of the house is covered with straw. In summer, pour a layer of sand into 20 cm, adding to it any vegetable husks or dry leaves. Over time, the accumulated litter will serve as an additional source of heat.

Features of feeding

It's no secret that along with the conditions of detentionAn important factor in the performance of chickens is the ration of feeding. Correctly balanced in all respects, it will provide the chicken organism with the necessary substances.

The universality of the breed suggests somefeatures of poultry feeding. Representatives of hybrid lines consume more food than "clean" layers, but smaller than meat. And the amount of food can be regulated by the reproduction of the bird and its productivity, reducing or increasing it.

A thin shell or lack of eggs on the egg suggests that there is a shortage in the diet of birds of vitamins D and A. Marble pattern of the shell indicates an insufficient amount of minerals.

Although the main diet of chickens consists of hay flour,mixed fodder and grain (millet, oats, barley, corn), it is necessary to add fruits, vegetables, herbs. Excess boiled potatoes can provoke obesity of the internal organs - the stomach and liver. In summer, freshly mown grass is perfect as a green additive.

It is highly recommended to provide the bird with animal protein food. If the hens do not have grazing, then dry larvae or pieces of meat are introduced into the diet.

An important factor in the correct maintenance of any bird is a constant free access to clean water. For complete digestion of food, chickens need small calcareous stones.

Advantages of the breed

It's not for nothing that the amateur poultry farmers and farmers prefer Moscow black to all breeds of chickens. A number of distinctive advantages provide a steady demand for this bird:

• Chickens have a calm, unflattering temper. He inherited them from the ancestors of meat breeds. This makes it possible to provide a large paddock without a fence.
• Have high resistance to stress. This distinguishing feature contributes to their wide use in industrial poultry farming. Chickens tolerate change in conditions of detention.
• Endurance of chickens allows them in case of a deterioration in the diet to reduce their egg production, and with the restoration of good nutrition quickly go to a high level of laying eggs.
• Resistance to diseases.This characteristic is also important in the industrial scale of breeding birds, and in a small farm. The viability of the bird makes its breeding justified and economically viable.
• For hens meat-meat direction are characteristichigh rates of egg production. Eggs give eggs weighing up to 75 grams in the amount of up to 300 eggs per year, 280 eggs can be demolished for the year by the Moscow black breed of chickens, the weight of eggs is up to 60 grams.
• Are not priroderlivy to conditions of feeding and the maintenance.Dense plumage makes it easy to carry the harsh season, the bird perfectly adapts in unheated chicken coops. Of course, very unfavorable weather conditions will affect the performance of chickens.
• Meat has good taste. There is undoubtedly the influence of meat ancestors who took part in the breeding of Moscow black hens.

Disadvantages of the breed

The Moscow black breed of chickens, with all its virtues, has a number of problematic points:

• poorly developed instinct of incubation;
• at the age of 8 months there is puberty, only then it is possible to select eggs for incubation;
• When overfeeding, birds are prone to obesity.

But these shortcomings do not affect the popularity of birds, most owners of household plots choose this particular breed of chickens for keeping.

The Moscow black breed has perfectly proved itself as egg and meat, its resistance to climatic conditions makes it possible to breed these chickens almost everywhere.

The most suitable bird for household plots- Moscow black breed of chickens. The owners' comments give a brief and capacious characterization of the breed: the birds are rushing well, the meat is delicious, the temper is calm, unpretentious in content.