Atmospheric engine: it all started

The invention of an internal combustion engine- can be fully attributed to one of the greatest inventions of mankind. It was he who gave the man strength, which did not have muscles, and the human genius was able to adapt this force to his needs in the most diverse areas of his activity. And this also ensured the accelerated development of many adjacent areas of science and technology, thanks to which the atmospheric engine continued to develop successfully and improve.

To understand the problems facingmotor-builders, it is necessary to recall how such an engine works. We will consider an ordinary gasoline engine. It sucks air out of the atmosphere, which then mixes with gasoline vapors and enters the combustion chamber. When the fuel mixture burns, the gases formed expand, resulting in forces that rotate the crankshaft. So, if we talk very simply, the description of how the atmospheric engine works looks.

Here it is necessary to pay special attention to the followingmoments. First, the fuel burns not completely, which is confirmed by the presence of unburned particles in the exhaust gas. Secondly, the exhaust gases have enough energy, and it would be desirable to use it. The output was found - installation of the turbine on the atmospheric engine. The approach is very simple: if the fuel does not burn, then it lacks oxygen, it is necessary to add air to the cylinders, and this can be done with the help of exhaust gases.

What is described above is the principle of workturbocharged engine. In the exhaust stream emitted into the atmosphere, the impeller of the turbine is located, it drives a compressor connected to it, which pressurizes air into the cylinders of the motor, providing additional oxygen for more complete combustion of the fuel. The actual designs, of course, are much more complicated than those described, but the turbocharger works in this way.

There is another way to ensure supercharging -use an engine-driven compressor. The disadvantage of this option is the loss of power by the engine, because The compressor will take the power from the motor for its work. Although this version of mechanical boost is used in some cases as an additional to the described system of turbo-supercharging. It is especially effective at low engine speeds, and then, as the speed increases, it turns off.

Due to the described method of turbocharging,an ordinary naturally aspirated engine with the same parameters acquires additional power and provides increased economy, which is due to more complete combustion of fuel. This is one of the simplest options for increasing the power of the motor. It is used both on gasoline and diesel engines. In this case, there is no difference between them.

Characteristics that show atmosphericengine, can be improved without serious modernization by using a turbocharger. It is estimated that engine power can grow by 40% and, in addition, the amount of harmful substances in the exhaust gas will decrease.