When conducting an economic analysisthe activities of any enterprise specialists have to deal with a specific system of indicators. One of them is the proportion. In economics, this is an indicator that reflects the weight of a particular financial phenomenon.
Economic indicators serve as micromodelsvarious phenomena in the financial activities of the state as a whole, and the business entity in particular. They are subject to various fluctuations and changes in connection with the reflection of the dynamics and contradictions of all the processes taking place, and they can either approach or move away from their main purpose - the assessment and measurement of the essence of a particular economic phenomenon. That is why the analyst should always remember about the goals and objectives of the research conducted using indicators to evaluate various aspects of the activities of enterprises.
Among the many economic indicators, summarized in a certain system, it is necessary to highlight the following:
It is the last kind of indicators that will be given special attention in this article.
This is a relative and derived indicator of itsbulk analogs. As a specific weight, it is considered to be production per employee, the amount of inventories in days, the level of costs per ruble of sales, etc. Such relative indicators as structure, dynamics, plan fulfillment and development intensity are also widely used.
The share in the economy is the relative share of individual elements in the sum of all its components.
As an important relative indicatorIt is considered to be the amount of coordination, considered as a comparison of separate structural parts of a whole. An example is the comparison in the passive part of the balance of a business entity of borrowed and own capital.
Thus, the share in the economy isan indicator that has a certain meaning with its value for analysis and control. However, as with any relative indicator, it is characterized by the presence of a certain limitation. Therefore, the share in the economy, the formula for the calculation of which is contained in any thematic textbook, it is advisable to consider in conjunction with other economic parameters. It is this approach that will allow objectively and comprehensively conducting research on the economic activities of business entities in a particular area.
The answer to the question of how to find the proportion ineconomy, depends on what kind of sphere needs to be considered. In any case, this is the ratio of the particular indicator to the total. For example, the share of value added tax receipts in general tax revenues is calculated as the ratio of VAT payments by business entities to the total amount of revenues from all taxes. Similarly, the share of tax revenues in the revenue part of the federal budget of the Russian Federation is calculated, tax revenues are taken directly as a private indicator, and the total amount of budget revenues for a specific period (for example, a year) is taken as a total.
What is the specific weight in the economy?Of course, as a percentage. The unit of measurement follows from the very formulation of this concept. This is a relative indicator, so it is calculated in shares or percentages.
As mentioned above, the proportion ineconomy characterizes its structure in various areas of activity. For example, the sectoral structure shows the degree of openness of the economy of any state. The higher the share of basic industries such as metallurgy and energy, the lower the involvement of the state in the division of labor at the international level, which characterizes the less openness of its economy as a whole.
However, the considered share of exports in GDPIt is not the only indicator of openness or closeness of the economy. Other indicators are also known. An example is the export or import quotas, which are calculated by finding the ratio of export (import) value to GDP.
Summing up, it should be noted thatthe proportion of various indicators in the economic system is a kind of indicator of its successful functioning; according to the structure of its individual activities, conclusions can be drawn about the openness or closeness of the economy. At the same time, an analysis of the structure of any economic sphere will make it possible to timely determine the factors influencing certain indicators.
