У населения каждой страны есть свои народные dancing. They are also called traditional, ethnic, folk or national. The roots of their folk dances go back to the history of the emergence of each ethnic group. The rhythms, movements, costumes of the dance correspond only to the particular locality in which it originated.
Polish folk dance can do a lotto tell about the place where it originated, about the culture of the people inhabiting this territory and about many other things. Dance, like songs, language, clothes and customs, developed and strengthened the individual’s sense of belonging to a particular group of people. And although in every corner of this country, its own lines are inherent in national dances, Krakowiak comes to mind first when mentioning Polish folk dance. Although this folk Polish dance is far from being one - there are many of them.
Надо оговорить, что своеобразие народного танца determines not only the terrain. It has an impact on the pattern of dances and the estate. No less famous in the country itself and beyond its borders is the dance-procession, the “three-part” march — the polonaise, which usually opened balls.
For a long time, the polonaise was played only onweddings, and later - on all folk festivals. The forerunner of his experts tend to consider the dance called "hozy". Another polonaise and its prototype is called "foot", "povolny", "old-secular". From all this it is clear that the dance is slow. The later name “Polonaise” is considered the French interpretation of the word “Polish”. “Khodzny” was popular in all corners of the country, where it acquired its own characteristic movements and received the names of Krakow, Kujawski, and Schloe. There were French and Russian versions. In the presence of a huge number of figures in all its interpretations, the slowness, solemnity and importance of execution are held sacredly.
But Krakovyak is a Polish folk dance,which is a kind of business card of the country. Judging by the name, this pair fast dance, not losing its relevance for 6 centuries, originated in Krakow, and then spread throughout the territory. It is in Krakow, a city that is considered the heart of Poland, that the annual dance festival called Krakowiak takes place. This festival, under the patronage of the city authorities, gathers dozens of bands from all over the country and from abroad.
Appearing in Kraków Voivodeship in the XIV century, Krakowiak was first performed only by men, and the Kraków guys were sung in it, but later it turned into a Polish folk pair dance.
This Polish folk dance was popular andgentry. Like the polonaise, it was considered solemn, called the “big dance” and included elements of both the waltz and the polka, as well as the march. Krakowiak is a fast dance, the number of pairs in it is usually even, it is performed, as a rule, accompanied by folk instruments.
A knee in a dance is a separate technique or figure,characterized by a certain spectacularity. Krakow - two-leg dance. It is important to show yourself in it, therefore the performer’s posture is always straight, and his head is proudly raised. Krakowiak ballroom and Krakowiak people's stage are distinguished by some movements, their sequence. In our country, the most famous is Krakowiak from the opera “Ivan Susanin” by M. Glinka. Krakovyak B.V. Astafieva from the ballet “The Fountain of Bakhchisarai” is also popular.
Initially, absolutely every folk dancewas the most important element of rites and rituals, he had to drive away evil spirits and bring good luck. As noted above, there are quite a few national dances in Poland. Polish folk dances are very popular, the names of which are given below: “kuyavyak with oberek” and “mazur”, “goralski zbuynitski” and “vivat velykopolsky”, “povolyak” and “three times Šlnski”. Needless to say, the Mazurka also hails from Poland? And that the great Polish composer Frederic Chopin wrote 60 Mazurkas? And how popular was the most universal polka dance, which was performed not only in all parts of Poland itself, but also in every pioneer camp of pre-war and post-war Russia!
Polish folk dance "trojak", as seen fromtitles, performed in threes - two girls and one young man. It consisted of two parts - slow and fast. In the first section, the guy solemnly leads the girls in a circle, and in the second, the girls quickly whirl around under the clapping of the boys, and then, when the young man whirls in the dance alternately with one of the girls, the second, dancing, runs around them. A merry and humorous Polish dance can be thought of as Polish folk dance triples, that is, performed by three dancers.
The following dances are not listed:“Jacek” (Carpathian Voivodeship), “Povolnyak” (Kielce is a city in central Poland, located 170 km from Warsaw), “Oberek” (Mazovia is a historical region, the center of which was Warsaw). This is a regional folk dance. Polish Kujawyak is from Kujawi, a historic Polish region located in the north of the country (between the Noteci and the Vistula rivers).
Dance "Goralski zbuynitski", or "noble robbers", hails from the highlands of Poland. The zbies lived and hid in the mountains, they plundered the rich in favor of the poor.
This dance of the Polish "Robinhood" is performedaround the campfire and accompanied by warlike songs, performed only by men. The presence of hatchets is mandatory, as the individual elements of the dance imitate battles. The number of dancers ranges from 4 to 16.
