Man despite significant technicalprogress, did not learn to manage natural phenomena until the end. One thing is to try to disperse small clouds, another is to prevent natural disasters. These situations include floods. This phenomenon can be both seasonal and spontaneous. Consider the causes of its occurrence and the necessary measures to be taken to eliminate the consequences.
After a snowy winter, abundant seasonalmelting of the frozen cover, which can cause a significant rise in the water level in the rivers. The spring flood occurs almost annually in eastern regions of Russia (in the Urals, Siberia and the Far East) and causes significant economic damage. Do you think flooding is a predictable natural disaster or a natural disaster? Can they be prevented? One of the measures to prevent flooding of the territories nearest to the rivers is to undermine the ice cover to eliminate congestion during its melting. Another reason is heavy rainfall and the following high water. Photos of such situations show how dangerous the consequences of such natural disasters can be.
Very often floods occur due to abundantprecipitation in the warm season. They are caused by rain floods. This phenomenon is completely unpredictable and occurs in any territory, even in arid zones and deserts. The exception is the Arctic and Antarctica. But torrential floods are most frequent and abundant in areas with a hot monsoon climate located between 40 ° north and 40 ° south latitudes. They can be repeated several times a year. Some regions of Europe, including Russia, are also no exception. A good example is spontaneous flooding due to flooding in the summer of 2002. Then most of Europe and southern Russia were significantly affected by heavy and prolonged rains. And in the zone of Siberia and the Far East almost every year there is a risk of flooding of the territories due to late snowfall and frequent spring floods. Therefore, the task of the population is to know how to act in case of such natural disasters and what measures to take.
Submersion occur due to significantwater raising in reservoirs. Therefore, foreseeing the possible consequences, they build protective dams and fortifications. This is especially taken into account when building a reservoir system. But it is impossible to equip all natural reservoirs with special barrier barriers. Residents of often flooded areas during spring thawing know firsthand how serious the consequences can be. Therefore, anticipating the possibility of the emergence of "big water", they usually know how to act. During such periods for the timely adoption of emergency measures by people in order to save their lives and property through the media (radio and television), it is reported that floods may occur. This phenomenon, despite preparations for it, always causes panic and confusion among the population. But you must remain calm and act according to the plan described below.
For possible evacuation, prepare a bag, the contents of which will be as follows:
- documents;
- warm clothes and shoes;
- protective equipment against rain (raincoats, film);
- necessary medications;
- food and drink for 2-3 days;
- a flashlight and spare batteries for it, candles, matches, packed in a plastic bag.
The composition of this kit will be the same whenthe need for independent action when rescuers cannot immediately come to the rescue. In these cases, especially residents of the private sector, may have to take places furthest from the surface of the earth (roofs of houses, upper floors of buildings). As soon as rescuers have the opportunity, they will evacuate the population. To facilitate searches, you need to notify rescuers with warning signs. In the daytime you need to swing bright items of clothing, and at night - sources of light. When evacuating, act calmly, without overloading the swimming equipment and strictly observing all the requirements of rescuers.
The main thing is calm! Considered actions and the absence of panic - a guarantee of preserving the lives of the victims and their property!
