To the plant abundantly blossomed, developed well,he needs a sufficient amount of sunlight. This is necessary for the natural process of photosynthesis - the plant produces a synthesis of carbohydrates, which are involved in the process of their growth and development. In the summer period, when domestic plants receive the required amount of sunlight, the question of additional lighting does not arise. However, with the onset of winter, this problem becomes the most urgent.
Beginners florists, as a rule, highlighthouse plants with ordinary lamps. But this is completely useless. The leaves still remain pale, the plants are small and bloom poorly. After all, artificial lighting is not able to fully replace the sun's color. In addition, if you highlight the plants through a conventional lamp. In this case, special fluorescent lamps for plants are needed.
In the period of early spring, late autumn and winter,When decorative plants do not have enough sunlight, electric lighting comes to their aid. Under the influence of additional light, their leaves become brighter and greener. A lush, profuse flowering lasts much longer.
There are various lamps for plants, how to choose the most suitable option?
For successful year-round cultivationit is necessary to purchase a lighting installation in a specialized store. Their choice is quite extensive. To date, manufacturers offer a variety of lamps-lamps: standing on tripods, wall, suspended, attached to the Velcro and clothes pegs.
The most optimal for them are consideredorange-red and blue-violet rays. The first contribute to development. The second increase vegetative growth. When choosing fluorescent lamps for plants, it is important to take into account the fact that the energy of the blue emitted by the lamp should be a couple of times lower than the energy of red radiation.
It is important to remember that highlighting should be done regularly, not from time to time. Since periodic lighting can only harm plants, thus, their biorhythms are knocked down.
Choosing the type of lighting for plants, it is importantremember that not only its intensity, but the radiation spectrum, is of great importance. In this case, the optimal option is the spectrum of daylight, extending from ultraviolet rays to infrared.
Light, similar to the daytime, give artificialsources of lighting, but not in the entire spectrum. Everyone knows that chlorophyll is involved in the transformation of light energy into the energy of organic compounds, the best absorber of light are the red and blue parts of the spectrum. A lamp for the growth of plants with a red spectrum favors the acceleration of germination of seeds and the growth of shoots. The growth of green mass in the first stage of plant development is promoted by blue-violet light.
For plants as sources of illuminationYou can use different types of lamps: incandescent, gas-discharge, LEDs, as well as fluorescent lamps for plants. Currently, the most popular is the latter option.
The least suitable for these purposes are standardincandescent lamps, since they are characterized by low light intensity, their spectrum is dominated by orange, red and infrared rays, which accelerate vertical growth, under such illumination the plants are stretched.
The spectrum of daylight is the closestfluorescent lamps for plants, in addition, in contrast to incandescent lamps, they are much more economical. Most of the plants develop well under these lamps.
Their light corresponds to the naturalIn addition, they practically do not radiate heat. Most importantly, fluorescent lamps for indoor plants, in contrast to incandescent lamps, consume 4 times less energy.
For today in shops it is possible to see a huge choice of the given lighting devices - various capacity, the form, a kind of radiation of light waves, a kind of developed discharge, etc.
Also worth highlighting energy-saving fluorescent lamps - the most popular and economical.
Fluorescent lamps must be placed away fromdecorative deciduous plants at a distance of 30-60 cm, from decorative flowering - 20-30 cm. However, if you use this type of lighting as the main one - in chandeliers or sconces, then the main principle is not the distance to the lamp, but the sufficiency Sveta. But if you have 1-2 devices per large area, plants should be placed as close to the lamps as possible, that is, at the distance indicated above.
When the plant is located by one side to the lamp, it is recommended to turn it periodically.
As a rule, for backlighting are usedfluorescent lamps for growing plants of the day type LBT or LB, as they give cold light. Such brands as LDC and LD are unsuitable for such purposes, since their spectrum is only able to depress the plant.
Depending on the distance and area of the illuminated room, the lamp power for indoor plants is selected.
In the process of placement it is important to remember that if you double the distance to the lamp, you need to reduce the intensity of illumination by four times.
If the leaves began to appear traces of burns,then the light source is too low, pale leaves and elongated stems indicate that the plant growth lamp is too far away.
The lateral artificial light is able to bend the stems towards the light, so it is better to light it from above.
Since the primary goal is to increaselight day of the plant, then it should be extended depending on the natural light day - in the evening and in the morning for 3-4 hours. As a result, the time should be about 6-8 hours. For particularly cloudy days, the lamp should be turned on for 12 hours.
To increase the duration of flowering,it is recommended to increase the backlight time. For example, a plant like senpolia needs to be illuminated every day for 12-14 hours - this is a prerequisite for its flowering.
It is also worth noting that plants require a period of rest, since forced long flowering during the winter period significantly depletes them. The exception is the plants blooming in winter.
