Дема – это река, протекающая по территории Bashkortostan and the Orenburg region. It is one of the tributaries of the Belaya River and belongs to the Kama basin. The origins of Dema are on the northern spurs of the elevated Shtur Syrt. The length of the riverbed is 535 km, and the catchment area is 12,800 square kilometers. The amount of runoff, on average, is 35 cubic meters per second.
The river Deme flows through the territory of Bashkortostan andflows into the White River near Ufa. The river flows from the southwest to the northeast. The climate of the region is temperate-continental, with warm summers and cold winters. The landscape is mostly flat, the flow is fairly calm. The level of the Dema River depends on the amount of precipitation and, in general, is fairly stable.
The river valley is wide, loopy.In the lower part of the channel there are channels and old people. The largest population center on the bank of Dema is the town of Davlekanovo. The present mouth of the river Dema does not correspond to the natural one, as it was changed at the end of the 19th century. The canal was straightened, and in place of the former a chain of reservoirs was formed.
Long since the river attracted travelers.On her shores from ancient times were located kumysolechebnytsy. They treated people with tuberculosis. Until the beginning of the 20th century, the quality of service left much to be desired. But in Soviet times, modern equipment appeared here, and the hospitals themselves were reconstructed. After that, the patients' feedback on the quality of the treatment was only positive.
Производство кумыса организовано в close proximity to these establishments. In special subsidiary farms breed horses and make koumiss. It is considered an effective tool in the treatment of tuberculosis.
In addition to the production of koumiss, agriculture is also developed in the region. The only exception is the Oktyabrsky District, where, in connection with oil production, industry is developing.
The river flows through the plains, so it hascalm temper. This is different from most other Bashkirian rivers. The sources of the river are in the Orenburg region. As is usually the case with large rivers, one bank is lowland, flat, and the other (eastern) is elevated, and in some places even steep. The maximum height of the hills on the high bank of the river - 284 meters (Mount Yashyktau). It is located near the river.
The only major settlement at the channel -city Davlekanovo, which is the center of the milling industry. Platinum is built in front of the city across the river. Near this settlement the bed becomes very winding, with a lot of old ladies and bays. Along the coast there are deciduous forests.
Downstream, over 50 - 60 km, alongrivers grow low-lying deciduous forests and thickets, which the locals call urema. The river on this site is wide, spilled. Here is a picturesque village, near which a road bridge is laid across the river. These areas are also known for the fact that in 1919 there were intense battles between units of the Red Army (commanded by Mikhail Frunze) and the White Guards.
Further downstream, the river narrows, howeverbecome more picturesque. The shores are higher, bordering the channel. After 35 kilometers down the river there is a very beautiful park, in which the sanatorium for the treatment of nervous and cardiovascular diseases is located.
Below the sanatorium, the channel again expands, and the riverspread over a large area. Along it are tree thickets (urema). Birches, elms and aspens predominate among the trees, and more rarely, oaks, which are much larger in size and height.
The settlement is located in the lower part of the stream.Zhukovo. The old channel has become a lot of old water reservoirs. Together with the surrounding vegetation, they formed a good recreation area. Here is the mouth of the river Dema. Ufa is already very close, so the people of this city love to relax here.
Thus, the river Dema - one of the mostpicturesque rivers of Bashkortostan and the Ural region as a whole. It is distinguished by a slow current, curvature of the channel, low anthropogenic load. It is best suited for those who want to have a quiet time and take a walk. But lovers of extreme entertainment, it will not be interesting. For them there are many other rivers that flow near, but already from the Ural Mountains.
