The most ancient Egyptian civilization for many years attracted the attention of researchers, causing numerous disputes. The culture that keeps many unsolved mysteries presents many surprises.
Уникальные пирамиды, построенные в III millennia BC, even modern professionals are surprised by their unsurpassed craftsmanship and amazing processing of solid stone. Not less mysterious are Egyptian sculptures carved from durable materials that have survived to our days.
Diorite statue of Pharaoh Khafre fromthe memorial church at Giza has always interested scientists. Its mystery is that the local craftsmen did not have any tools that would allow them to process the hardest rock. As archaeologists say, the stunning historical monuments of ancient Egypt are made using technologies that are several times more modern than modern ones.
Туристы со всего мира приезжают на плато Гиза, representing a huge city that stores the funeral structures of the Egyptian pharaohs and queens. This is quite an interesting complex for all travelers, allowing you to get closer to the secrets of the pyramids and touch a bygone civilization. Researchers working on its territory explain that the Giza Plateau is not only an archaeological monument, but also a religious one.
In addition to the well-known pyramid of Cheops, herelocated the tomb of Pharaoh Khafre, or Khafra, slightly inferior in size to the most famous structure. This is a whole ritual complex, built by order of the ruler of Egypt, and many tourists consider it one of the most beautiful.
В Древнем Египте фараона невероятно почитали, comparing it with God. Clothed with immense power, the rulers were educated people who participated in all the most important affairs of the country. Representations of local people about the afterlife had a great influence on the development and construction of the pyramids, which are actually tombs.
The attached cult of deathPharaohs built their tombs in advance. The Egyptians believed that the afterlife was a continuation of existence on earth, and the main condition for transition to the other world was the mandatory preservation of the human body shell.
Не случайно египтяне так тщательно бальзамировали the bodies of the dead and supplied the dead with all necessary, filling the tomb with various items that might be needed. According to the original beliefs, only the pharaohs led the afterlife, but later the Egyptian rulers were given the opportunity to bestow the immortality of their loved ones and to know.
The end of the Old Kingdom was marked by the recognition of the right of every person to the afterlife.
Pharaoh Khafre, whose statue evokesan incredible interest, was the ruler of the IV dynasty of the Old Kingdom. Too few monuments of that time came to us, so many of the facts of his biography are not reliable, and even the years of his life cause discrepancies. Egyptologists believe that Khafre ruled the state for about 25 years.
Today, Khafre is best known.erection of the second largest pyramid on the plateau of Giza. The appearance of the pharaoh, who was the son of the famous Cheops (Khufu) and who took power after the father and brother Jedephr, was restored to the well-preserved statues of the tomb.
The plateau was originally considered sacred, and thereforeburial complexes were built on it. Pharaoh Khafre, thinking about the transition to the afterlife, ordered to build a pyramid next to the tomb of Cheops.
Initially, the height of the pyramid was 144 meters,but over time it decreased slightly, which did not affect its good condition. Limestone has become the main building material for it, and the base is lined with pink granite.
Pharaoh Khafre wished his tomb to exceed the size of his father's pyramid, but during construction it turned out that the construction of a huge complex was impossible for various reasons.
It is believed that the construction of the pyramid and itsthe layout with a courtyard, a gallery and a special niche for ritual vessels in the tomb has become canonical. According to a peculiar standard, all other funerary complexes began to be erected.
Initially, next to the pyramid of Khafre, there was a smaller burial building, of which nothing remains today. Most likely, Pharaoh’s wife was buried there.
The memorial temple, erected from the hugegranite blocks, surprised by its power: the length of the blocks was 5 meters, and the weight of each of them reached up to forty tons. Until the 18th century, it was in a satisfactory condition until local residents destroyed the walls of the building. Inside it were numerous sculptures of the pharaoh.
The complex included a barrier wall betweenstructures, the road and the lower temple, which was found diorite statue of Pharaoh. Khafra, who dreamed of a majestic construction, thought about the compactness of the cult structure. The archaeologists who worked in the burial complex found that with its vast area of free space there is not that much - less than 0.01 percent.
The internal structure of the pyramid consisted of twocameras and entrances. There is a small withdrawal to the room, which is left unfinished, and its purpose is unknown. In the burial chamber, hewn inside the rock, an empty granite sarcophagus with a broken cover rests.
In the tunnel dug, the robbers made their way insideand all that remains for archaeologists is a few drops of pearls and a cork of a ritual vessel, on which the name of the vicar of God is carved. There are no more rooms inside the pyramid.
Gradually, a real necropolis grew around it, in which the bodies of all the members of Khafre's family rested.
Six years ago, archaeologists discovered not far fromall the tombs of the tomb of the priest of Pharaoh, who during his reign was headed by a requiem cult. He was able to give immortality to all his relatives, and this building was evidence that ordinary Egyptians received the right to lead an afterlife.
Many were buried on the sacred plateau.the rulers of Egypt and their relatives, but from some there is not a single artifact. But on numerous sculptures found by archaeologists, the vicar of God Khafre appeared. The pharaoh of ancient Egypt was depicted with a false beard and a handkerchief on his head, and none of his statue looked like another. Researchers believe that in those days it was forbidden to make identical figures.
Sculptures originally resting in pits in onefrom the pyramid halls, they were later thrown out of them, and a research group found them in 1860. Unfortunately, some sculptures have lost their heads and torso.
Known well preserved alabasterStatue of Pharaoh Khafre, stored in the Cairo Museum. Among the exhibits of a private collector is the head of the pharaoh with a white crown on. The University of Leipzig is proud of the images of the ruler in festive clothes, whose eyelids are decorated with copper plates.
But famous for the whole world was made infull-length dark, with light streaks, diorite statue of the pharaoh. Khafre, who ruled Ancient Egypt, sits proudly on his throne, at the bottom of which you can see the emblems of a lotus flower and papyrus. The king's face is serene and does not express any alarm.
The physically developed vicar of God on Earth, dressed in a short loincloth, embodies perfect peace, and his gaze seems to be directed towards eternity.
Behind a head covered with a ritual scarf isa falcon embracing and protecting the great Pharaoh with outstretched wings. This is how the symbol of the god Horus was depicted - the main heavenly power that kept all the kings of Egypt and their land. One hand of Khafra lies relaxed on his knee, and the other is firmly compressed. At the bottom of the throne, next to the ruler’s bare feet, his names are stamped.
Отполированная статуя фараона Хефрена, описание which causes many disputes among scientists, keeps unsolved mysteries to this day. It is believed that such a realistic image is subject to the traditions of the ancient canons: so that the soul of the deceased could enter the statue, it was necessary to recognize the statue. And only then the spirit of the ruler fulfilled the requests and accepted all the sacrifices.
It can be said that has become a real worlda masterpiece and an outstanding historical monument diorite statue of the pharaoh. Khafre (the photo of the statue is presented in the article) is depicted as an indifferent ruler who is outside of human passions. It seems that the soul of the master of destinies hovers somewhere high, not paying attention to the sea of life.
Who is that unknown sculptor who skillfully processed the strongest rock and superbly conveyed the smallest facial features is still unknown. And was it a man?
The statue of Pharaoh Khafre, found in 1860 in Giza, is one of the most valuable exhibits of the Cairo Museum. This is a vivid example of the highest level of development of ancient Egyptian culture and art.
Huge interest not only ordinary loversancient history, but also researchers of the whole world are caused by the statue of Pharaoh. Khafra, who was considered an esteemed deity among the Egyptians, ordered to carve his face on another grand statue, finally excavated under a thousand-year layer of sand in the 20th century.
It is about the most mysterious and monumentalsculpture, exciting the minds of scientists, creative people and all travelers. Outstanding statue, carved out of limestone rock, causes a lot of controversy. The greatest miracle of Egypt is seen as a single composition with the burial complex of Khafre, and the face of the Sphinx resembles the appearance of the Pharaoh
The pyramid guard carved out of the rock,located at its foot, according to scientists, built during the reign of Khafra. The Egyptians portrayed him as a lion, looking to the East, and with his third eye he watched the sunrise and sunset.
Царский символ, по преданиям, всегда бодрствует, so as not to break the established course of the sun. The ancient Egyptians believed that the depicted wild cats perfectly see at night, without closing their eyes for a second. Sphynxes erected in front of the pyramids, seeking to protect the remains of their divine ruler from the attacks of robbers.
The statue duplicating the face of Pharaoh, no nose, thatcaused a lot of theories how this could happen. Some scientists are inclined to believe that the cannonball allegedly beat him back during Napoleon’s war with the Turks, but many are sure that this part of the face was already several centuries before the event.
There is no surviving ancient document.those times in which the huge statue twenty meters high and more than fifty five long would be mentioned. Some researchers believe that the Sphinx with the face of a lion was built by a certain civilization long before the ancient Egyptians, and the reigning Khafra wished to leave a memory of himself and ordered to remake the image, cutting down his image in it.
To the version that the construction of the pyramid is closely related toalien researchers, many researchers are inclined, considering twenty years of construction of a unique monument too short period for the construction of such a monumental building.
A scientist R. Hoagland, who has been studying the surface of Mars for a long time, discovered pyramids and statues with symmetrical human faces resembling Egyptian ones.
The statue of Pharaoh Khafre imprinted in stone withFalcon Horus strikes his contemporaries with the special grandeur and jeweler's accuracy of conveying the expression of the face of a powerful king. There is a "live" energy emanating from the diorite sculpture.
For each person has a deepimpression of a carved statue of pharaoh. Khafra, depicted as realistic as possible, does not pay any attention to the earthly world, directing his proud gaze into the future.
Ancient Egyptian civilization in no hurryreveal all your secrets. Pyramid scientists warn that new discoveries will surely be a real shock to humanity. And we can only wait ...
