Однотрубная система отопления, в просторечии called "Leningrad", among private developers enjoys extraordinary popularity. It's all about its efficiency, as well as ease of installation and operation. Especially often in small country houses a one-pipe heating system with lower wiring is used. We will talk about it later in the article.
Performing the design of heating systemsa country house, first of all, you should decide on what kind of construction - one-pipe or two-pipe - will be the most convenient in this particular case. The first is easier to install and easier to use. However, it does not work as effectively. Single-pipe systems are mainly used only in single-storey buildings of small area. Includes this design:
Представляет собой схема однотрубной системы heating with the lower wiring (or any other) closed loop, in which the movement of the coolant occurs in a circle. If desired, in a private house, you can use the option with both a natural cycle and a forced one. In the latter case, a circulating pump is installed in the system, transferring the coolant.
Система отопления закрытого типа (forced) has such an important advantage as the possibility of significant fuel savings. The variant with natural circulation when using a single-tube construction is used extremely rarely. Mainly due to its lack of effectiveness. In this case, the coolant circulates through the pipes due to the temperature difference at the outlet and the inlet of the boiler. As water or antifreeze gradually cools as it passes around the perimeter of the rooms, there may not be enough heat at the extreme radiators. Thus, in the distant rooms the air will warm up much worse than in the neighbors. When using a pump, the coolant circulates through the pipes faster and cools down, respectively, less.
Designing heating systems - the procedure is veryimportant. In drawing up the scheme should be thought out to the smallest detail. So, for example, heating radiators can be included in the circuit in different ways. Sometimes a diagonal method is used, in which the inlet and outlet pipes are located on both sides of the battery - top and bottom. Often used as a side connection. In this case, the pipes are attached to the radiator on one side. The bottom connection assumes their liner on both sides, but only on the bottom. This method has its advantages and disadvantages. The first can be attributed to ease of installation and the possibility of posting pipes under the flooring. The disadvantage of the lower connection is considered not too high compared with other methods, the degree of heat transfer of batteries.
What is the scheme of a single pipe heating system with a lower wiring, we figured it out. Now let's see how to mount it correctly. The assembly work begins like this:
Продолжают монтаж системы отопления дома навеской batteries. Fasten radiators usually under the windows. They should be placed on the walls in such a way that the distance from their lower edge to the floor is about 10 cm, to the window sill - 8 cm, to the wall - 5 cm. This will ensure maximum heat transfer.
На следующем этапе устанавливаются трубы для heating. The connection of radiators is usually made through a bypass. This allows, if necessary, to shut off the battery without stopping the entire heating system. Bypass is easy to install. Actually the pipe itself passes under the radiator, the latter is attached to the pipes diverted from it.
An ordinary tap is installed on each battery.crane "Mayevsky". The latter serves to discharge excess air during pressure testing and is mounted on the supply pipe directly next to the radiator. A conventional tap is designed to disconnect / connect the battery.
Collecting all types of heating systems, includingand one-pipe, this element should be given maximum attention. The safety of operation of the whole structure and its durability depend on how correctly the tank will be mounted. It can be installed in the system in two ways. Conventional models are mounted in such a way that they are approximately 1–2 m above the boiler. Membrane versions are installed near the heating apparatus. In any case, the installation is made on the return pipe.
On the supply pipe this important constructiveelement cannot be set. The water temperature in this line is very high. A constant overheating can lead to premature failure of the device. Therefore, they install pumps for heating systems on the return pipe, through which already cooled water approaches the boiler. Install the device on the bypass with cranes. Directly in front of it should be fixed a special filter. The heat carrier in pipes with special purity never differs. Sludge may build up inside the system, dross may form, etc. If the filter is not used, the structure will become clogged.
Вслед за установкой такого оборудования, как pumps for heating systems, connecting the boilers themselves and testing equipment start-up. The pipes are connected to the inlet and outlet of the heating unit according to the instructions. Pre-anywhere (closer to the boiler) mounted security group. At the lowest point of the system, a drain valve crashes.
The structure of this node of the heating system includes such elements as:
Usually the security group is installed on the outlet pipe. Without it, the system cannot be launched into operation.
Таким образом, вы теперь знаете, что представляет is a diagram of a single pipe heating system with a lower wiring, as well as how it is mounted. After the assembly, you can proceed to the operation of the crimp. You will need a pump for it. With its help, water should be pumped into the system at a pressure slightly higher than the working one (for private houses, this is usually 3-5 atm.). During the crimping operation, you should carefully inspect all joints, fittings and tees for leaks. Problems will need to be fixed.
As already mentioned, the main disadvantageSuch constructions are different temperatures of heating radiators. In order to achieve a uniform distribution of heat in all rooms, you can use batteries with different number of sections. However, it is much more convenient to adjust using radiators installed on the radiators. Through the nearest to the boiler should pass a smaller amount of coolant, through the far, respectively, more.
Of course, the device heating systembegins with the selection of the necessary components and parts. In one-pipe heating systems use almost the same elements as in any other. Radiators can be:
Pipes for heating now most oftenmetalplastic are used. However, you can install or steel, or even copper. The last option is considered the most reliable. But when choosing aluminum radiators, copper pipes cannot be used in the system.
В конструкциях с естественной системой циркуляции metal plastic or steel should be installed larger than when using a pump diameter. In too thin highways, the movement of water will be difficult. Installation of pipes in the system with the natural circulation of the coolant produced with a slight bias.
As you can see, no particular complexity schemesingle pipe heating system with a lower wiring is not different. Mount it just like any other. The main thing is to follow the assembly procedure and not violate any regulations. In this case, the house will be warm and safe.
