Russian grammar contains hundredsrules and even more exceptions to them. For this reason, only a few are able to learn everything and put into practice. Most of us from the time of the spelling lessons remember that to determine how to spell one or another controversial vowel in a word, you can, if you decline it (or pick a single root), so that the stress falls on it. However, what happened to particularly problematic terms? For example, with such as a noun of foreign origin "mosaic" (or "mosaic")? Indeed, in this case, the dispute is about what letter to write in the root of the word. Let's find the answer to this question, as well as learn about the interpretation and origin of the noun.
Прежде чем разбираться с правописанием любого of the term, it is always necessary to navigate, whether it belongs to the native Russian vocabulary or is borrowed. In the second variant, the probability is very high that the spelling of the word in question is a tradition not explained by the rules of the Russian language, and this case simply needs to be memorized.
However, some borrowings are already several hundred years old, and they are so familiar to everyone that not everyone can recognize foreign names in them.
Чтобы легче это было делать, стоит узнать одну feature of East Slavic languages. During the period of their formation, they lacked the concept of gaping (finding several vowels next to each other), since all the syllables were open (starts with a consonant and ends with a vowel).
Based on the fact that the problemIn terms of "mosaic" and "mosaic" there is a probability of ai "sinking" (if you write it through "and"), we can assume that it does not belong to the original Slavic vocabulary. So, you should check his spelling in the dictionary.
Having opened any linguistic volume, it is possible to find in it that this noun is really of foreign origin and is written with the letter “and”.
And another option: "Mosaic", in the Russian language is not used under any circumstances, and such writing, according to modern rules of grammar, is always a mistake.
To understand the reasons for the dispute about the writing of the considered noun, it is worth knowing its interpretation and the history of the appearance in Slavic languages.
Значение слова "мозаика" стало известно на землях Rus with the adoption of Christianity in the X century. Indeed, along with the new religion in the country, it became necessary to build temples for its adherents. At that time, the Greeks were considered the most skilled craftsmen, who brought with them the tradition of decorating patterns from multi-colored pieces of stone, smalt or ceramic tiles, known today as mosaic.
Soon, the Slavic masters learned this craft, and the tradition of using such a decoration technique for decorating temples was firmly entrenched by the Slavs for centuries.
It is worth noting that, unlike the ancient Greeks andRomans (decorating in this way not only religious buildings, but also their homes), in Russia, this method was practiced mainly only for decorating churches.
Only after the collapse of Tsarist Russia (the formation of the USSR) and the beginning of an anti-religious campaign, did the mosaic become a design element for public buildings in all the adjacent territories.
In the same period, for children began to produce sets of plastic, also called "mosaic". By the way, they are very popular today.
How is the question of writing this noun (mosaic or mosaic) related to the period of its appearance in Slavic languages?
The fact is that this term, like the art itself, was borrowed through the mediation of the Greek language, in which it looked μωσαϊκό and was pronounced with "y."And if we consider that the phenomenon of a gap in the Old Slavic was not, a new term at the hearing could and was written "mosaic". By the way, this is evidenced by the fact that in the Bulgarian language, a similar version of “mosaic” is still used. Yes, and in the Ukrainian word is also pronounced with the sound [nd] - “mosaic” (diphthong "ї" after publicly means two sounds [іі]).
Во время реформ Петра I Российская империя стала focus on Europe. During this period, a huge number of new terms of foreign origin are being poured into the Russian language. Most likely, at this time the rate of writing of the term in question was “fitted” to European (based on Latin and Italian writing and sound) - that is, with “and”. It exists today, and not only in Russian, but also in Belarusian, Polish, Czech and most other Slavic and non-Slavic languages.
Despite this, the people seem to have preserved memories of the existence of the “mozayka” norm; therefore, some still make mistakes in this noun.
Having dealt with how correctly:mosaic or mosaic, is to clarify exactly what rule governs its writing. This noun refers to a specific type of vocabulary terms, the correctness of which is checked using a spelling dictionary.
But in this particular case, an unstressed “and” can“Manifest”, picking up the single-root adjective “mosaic”. In it the stress is transferred to the "problem" letter "and". However, this method is usually not used to spell the roots of words of foreign origin.
Having considered how and why the noun is written“Mosaic”, it is worth finding out which syllable is stressed in it. The fact is that in different languages different variants are used. However, in the Russian shock is the letter "a" in the second syllable.
