The main and secondary terms of sentences: how to find them without any difficulties

Any sentence of the Russian language can besubdivided into component parts, which in science are called "members of the proposal." Among them are the main and minor. Without the main ones, most of the sentences cannot exist, they form its basis, and the minor ones make the text more informative and rich. What are the main and secondary members. offers?

Main

The subject and the predicate in the sentence are its main members.

• Subject means an item that accomplishesact. Questions that will help detect it when parsing - is "who?" (if the action is performed by an animated object) or "what?" (if the proposal refers to a phenomenon or an inanimate object).
• The predicate is most often expressed by a verb and means an action that performs the subject. Questions to determine - "what does he do?"

Let's give an example: Good mood helped boys to overcome difficulties. The answer to the question “what” in our example is"Mood", namely it is the subject and when parsing is emphasized by one feature. To find the predicate, ask the question: "What did you do?" It helped. This word is the predicate, expressed by a verb, is emphasized by two features. As a result, the proposal with the found main members looks like this: Good (what?) mood (underlined by a solid line) (what did?) helped (underlined by two solid horizontal stripes) boys overcome difficulties.

How to find out the subject and the predicate when parsing

In order not to make a mistake, figuring out where the subject and what is the predicate, you should use the table – help.

First of all, you should find the actor by asking the question: “Who? What? ”This will be the subject. Next, look for the predicate.

Secondary

To parse the proposal by the members shouldbe able to find and circumstances, definitions and additions. It is they who are minor members, whose purpose - the specification and clarification of the main (or other minor). How to find them?

• Definition Questions that will help him find in the sentence - "what", "whose."
• Addition. Most often, indirect questions are asked of him: “to whom (what)”, “with whom (with what)”, “about whom (about what)” and others. That is the questions of all cases, in addition to the nominative.
• Circumstance. It can be found by asking questions of adverbs or decapodia: "from where", "where", "why", "how", "where" and the like.

Let's give an example. Find the main and minor members. offers:

The little boy hurried along the path.

There is to disassemble the proposal for members, it turns out like this

(what, definition) The little (who is the subject) boy (as a circumstance) hastily (what he did, the predicate) walked (according to what, addition) along the path.

Each major and minor member. offers answers your question, bears a certain load and performs its own role in a sentence.

How to recognize

In order to avoid mistakes when identifying additions, definitions and circumstances, you can use this summary table hint.

To identify which member of the proposal is before us, one should first ask a question.

Additional tips

To find the main members of a sentence, one shouldfollow the rules. The subject and the predicate are not a phrase, this is already a sentence, albeit a very short one. The main members are independent of each other.

Parsing should begin withdetection of the subject, then it turns out that such predicate, than it is expressed. Then it is necessary to identify the subject group with the help of questions, only after that - the group of the predicate. Each minor member is dependent on:

• from one of the main ones;
• from one of the minor ones.

In one sentence there may be several majorand secondary tsp. offers. If there are several fundamentals, then the sentence is complex - complex or complex. If there are several definitions, additions, circumstances, but the basis is one, then the sentence is simple and common.

Often you can find appeals, for example: Katya, go do your homework. Despite the fact that the appeal "Katya" reminds the subject, it is not a member of the proposal and is referred to as an appeal.

Complex cases

Not all major and minor terms of sentences look obvious. Difficult but interesting cases are varied:

• There is only one main member in a mono-sentence. It was getting dark (this predicate, the sentence is impersonal). Today we were told (predicate, vaguely personal sentence), that the exam is canceled.
• The predicate may include the adjective: The weather was rainy. In this example, the combination "was rainy" is a composite named predicate.
• The predicate may include several verbs: Today Vasya started studying. “Began to engage” is a compound verb predicate.

Major and minor members. sentences must be selected correctly when parsing sentences.