The Russian Federation is the largestcountry in the world. The closest in terms of area to it, the state is almost half the size of it. The territory of Russia is more than 17 million square kilometers. It includes 85 entities, including republics, regions, regions, autonomous okrugs and other entities. They occupy different areas. It is interesting to know which is the largest and which is the smallest republic in Russia.
Sakha occupies an area of just over 3 millionsq. m. km. It is part of the Far Eastern District of the Russian Federation and is located in the northeast of Siberia. It consists of 33 districts and 5 cities. Yakutsk became its capital. There are less than one million people living in Sakha, so it occupies one of the lower places in terms of population density.
The smallest republic in Russia is Ingushetia, located in the North Caucasus and occupying an area of 3628 square meters. km.
It is an independent republic within the Russian Federationbecame in 1992. Since 1936 he was part of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Prior to this, there was the Terek region. The first relationship between the Ingush and Russia dates back to 1770. In 40 years, in 1810, a number of significant Ingush genera, the so-called teips, became Russian subjects.
The smallest republic in Russia is locatedin the north of the central part of the Greater Caucasus. Its length from north to south is 144 km, from east to west - 72 km. The relief is mountainous and foothill. The population, mainly, lives in the Sunzhensky Valley (453 thousand people).
Although this small republic is traditionallyIt is distinguished by hospitality, but the peaceful life of its population can not be called. Territorial disputes with Chechnya and North Ossetia bring tension to this Russian region.
The smallest republic in Russia, Ingushetia, intwo times less than the next in terms of the minimum value of the republic - Adygea, which covers an area of 7,792 square kilometers. km. Adygea is surrounded by the territory of the Krasnodar Territory. Its capital is the city of Maikop. It was formed in the territory of the Kuban-Black Sea region in 1922 and was called at that time the Circassian (Adyghe) AO.
Three of the smallest republics of RussiaNorth Ossetia (in another way - Alania), which is located in the northern part of the Greater Caucasus. Its area is 7987 square meters. km. The capital is the city of Vladikavkaz. North Ossetia, like Ingushetia, belongs to the most densely populated subjects of the Russian Federation (5th place).
If we consider the republics of Russia on the map, thenyou can find those that are somewhat larger than those indicated, but still occupy very small areas. The area of such republics exceeds 10 thousand square meters. km, but does not reach 20 thousand. This is Kabardino-Balkaria (12470 sq. Km.), Karachaevo-Cherkessia (14277 sq. Km.) And Chechnya (15647 sq. Km). All of them are included in the North Caucasus Federal District - the youngest in the Russian Federation, established in 2010.
To the same group can be attributed and Chuvashia, the areawhich is 18,343 square meters. km. It is located in the center of the European part of Russia. The republic includes 21 districts and 9 cities. The capital of Chuvashia is the city of Cheboksary, located on the bank of the Volga. The population of the republic is 1 million 239 thousand people. It consists mainly of Chuvashes and Russians.
Perhaps, the republics, the areawhich exceeds 20 thousand square meters. km, but does not reach 50 thousand square meters. km, it is impossible. Has in its composition and such administrative units of Russia. The Republic of Mordovia, for example, covers an area of 26,128 square kilometers. km and is divided into 22 districts, and also has 3 cities of republican subordination. Its capital is the city of Saransk.
Practically the same territory is occupied bythe Republic of Mari El - 23375 square meters. km. It is located in the Volga Federal District of the Russian Federation. In Soviet times it was called the Mari ASSR. Almost 700 thousand people live in the republic, mostly Mari and Russians.
A remarkable feature of this region is the abundance of rivers - about 190, the main one - the Volga.
Among the subjects of the federation, which includes Russia, the Udmurt Republic, too, can not boast of a vast territory. Its area is 42061 square meters. km.
Udmurtia has been a state since 1920.Then the Votsky AO was formed, which later became the Udmurt Autonomous District. It also belongs to the Privolzhsky Federal District, located in the Urals. Its population is more than 1.5 million people. The capital is the city of Izhevsk.
In March 2014, two more subjects of the federation replenished Russia. The Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol were included in its composition.
The area of the peninsula is 26081 sq. Km. km. The population of the Crimea together with the city of Sevastopol is more than 2 million 300 thousand people. Most of them are Russians, Ukrainians are in second place, on the third - Tatars.
Considering the republics of Russia on the map, you canIt should be noted that Crimea falls out of a common conglomerate and does not have a land border with the rest of Russia. Crimea is washed by the Azov and Black seas. It is connected to the mainland by the Perekopsky Isthmus, whose width is only 8 kilometers, and borders on this place with the Kherson region of Ukraine. But behind the Kerch Strait Russia immediately begins.
The Republic of Crimea is characterized by favorable,mild natural and climatic conditions and a wide variety of landscapes. It was rightly considered the main health resort of the Soviet Union, and later - the CIS countries.
