Gyumri (formerly Kumayri) is the city of Armenia, occupyingsecond place in size, retained all the features of the ancient city. The climate is temperate continental. Vegetation is steppe. The relief is flat. The city of Gyumri is covered with rivers, lakes and lava massifs. The soil on the territory of the settlement consists of a fertile soil - chernozem. A more detailed history of the city, as well as its strategically important object - the military base - is described in this article.
In the composition of Persia Kumayri entered in 1555.Also this year, along with him, the whole of Eastern Armenia joined. Gyumri (modern name, which is known at present) in 1837 became known as Alexandropol. This name was given to the city in honor of the wife of Nicholas I. Until 1840 Gyumri was not considered a city. And only during this period he was given such a status. With the advent of Soviet power, he was again renamed Leninakan. It happened in 1924. At the end of 1990 it was renamed Kumayri. And after the independence of the former republic of the USSR - Armenia, Gyumri (city) was named by the present name. Below him we know him nowadays.
After the settlement got the statuscities, the number of the population began to increase rapidly. The population growth was huge. But because of the strong earthquake that occurred in 1988, a significant outflow was recorded. The basic national composition includes Armenians and Russians. Akhuryansky sugar factory, a railway junction and an airport are located in the city. The carload and locomotive depot, the industry are flourishing: food, machine building and light industry.
Freedom Square (Vardanian) is the maincity. On it there are monuments to the kings, with which Armenia is famous. Gyumri will also surprise with religious buildings, which are historical monuments. Surb Amenaprkich is a church built on the model of the Turkish Cathedral. Due to a strong earthquake, she was seriously injured. Therefore, the restoration work has begun, which is still under way. Residents are very fond of the central park. People like to come here because of clean air, beauty. Walking here is only a pleasure. It is these places that show the stunning and picturesque landscapes that Armenia is proud of. Gyumri is a great city for tourism.
Continuing the tour, it is worth paying attention tolocal stadium. It is considered the oldest in the republic. The arena holds about 3000 spectators. And in addition to football matches, concerts are often held here. Another attraction - the Russian fortress - is located on the outskirts. It was built by the order of Nicholas I. Also nearby is the Mother Armenia monument, which was installed after the end of the Great Patriotic War.
The monastic complex is a temple built ofred brick, inside many different arches and columns. It was erected in the XI century. There is also a chapel of the Holy Archangel Michael. It is located in the cemetery, where the soldiers who participated in the Russian-Turkish war of the XIX century are buried. Another amazing place is the Aparan Reservoir. This is a pond, the area of which is almost 8 square kilometers. In 1962-1967 it was built on the river Kassah.
The military base in Gyumri was founded in 1995 in connection with thewith the signing of an agreement between Armenia and the Russian Federation. The location of the object in the Transcaucasian district was the 127th Motorized Rifle Division. The equipment was colossal. There were various military helicopters on its territory, including the legendary Mi-8 and Mi-24, as well as several MiG-29 fighters. Protection from the air was due to the use of the S-300V missile system. The number of servicemen exceeded 5000 people. For the families of these people, a military town was built next door. Its number is 4 thousand people.
With the advent of Soviet power in the cities of Armeniathere was a need to create a motorized rifle division. So the base was formed. She had her license plate - 164. After good divisions, it was decided to form the 123rd motorized rifle regiment. As a result of the split in the Soviet Union, Armenia suffered enormous losses. Because of this, armed conflicts began both inside the state and outside it.
The situation was also burdened by the factor thatthe republic was clamped between two hostile states - Turkey and Azerbaijan at that time. And the conflicts with Greece and Russia have greatly shaken the country's economy. All the cities of Armenia experienced their consequences on themselves. But still it is worth noting that the country quickly got out of this state. She made it clear that she was a strong and worthy opponent.
