Lemon is a citrus plant native to the tropics.Therefore, it will not grow in the garden. But many flower growers manage to eat fruits grown in the apartment. How to grow a lemon from the stone at home? What to do to plant gave fruit?
Lemon refers to the evergreen plants.Its young shoots are purple in color, over the years they turn brown. The leaves are thick, leathery, oval. Each of them lives about 3 years. On their surface are glands with essential oils.
Взрослое растение формирует цветочные бутоны.They develop slowly, each dissolving over 5 weeks. After the bud opens, it blooms for 7 ... 9 weeks. Flowers have a strong pleasant smell.
Gradually, a fruit is formed in the place of the flower.At first it is green, then gradually turns yellow. Fruits are covered with thick fragrant peel. Inside is the yellow flesh, sour taste. The fruit is divided into several slices. Inside are seeds. The ripening process lasts 9 months and longer. At this time, the plant needs to create certain conditions. Lemon can be bought or grown independently.
How to grow a lemon from the stone at home? You can use for this seed, extracted from the purchased fruit. It is only necessary that it be ripe, the seeds are large and firm.
The plant after a while is better to plant. After all, lemons grown from seeds do not begin to bear fruit after 6 years, and the grafted ones - the very next year after vaccination.
You can use cuttings 10 cm long andthickness of 4 mm. They should be at least 2 leaves and 3 buds. Treated cuttings "root". A couple of days kept in the water, then planted in pots. Land for them consists of soil for flowers, sand and humus. Every day seedlings are sprayed. Do not flood the soil. At temperatures up to 25 degrees, the roots will appear in a month and a half.
Planted in a pot young lemon. Transplantation and home care of plants derived from cuttings are the same as for seed-grown plants.
Lemon soil needs loose, it should be good to pass air and moisture. Take the soil for flowers from the store and peat.
Prepare dishes with large drainage holes, drainage is placed on the bottom. Pour a layer of prepared soil mixture. Sow the seeds to a depth of 2 cm. They germinate in a couple of weeks.
The soil should be watered regularly with warm, settled water. When the seedlings have a couple of leaves, they are planted in a separate bowl. You can immediately plant in a pot of one or two seeds.
Transplanted plants are covered with banks. This will help create the optimum temperature and moisture levels. Every day they are removed for half an hour, so they adapted and aired.
Lemon refers to the plants of short lightof the day Therefore, it can grow and develop in low light conditions. Such conditions accelerate the fruiting of lemon. Increasing daylight hours may result in a delay in the formation of fruits.
But in the winter, if a lemon develops, it needs to be illuminated for up to 6 hours using a special lamp.
Lemon grows well in southern and eastern windows. If there is no natural shading, it should be arranged in the afternoons.
So that the crown of the tree does not lean in one direction, it is regularly turned. Do it once a decade. And you need to turn it by 10 degrees.
The room temperature depends on the phase of developmentplants. In the period when it does not bloom, 17 degrees is enough. The temperature of 14 ... 18 degrees is considered optimal for the formation and development of lemon buds. If it rises higher, the flowers and already formed ovaries fall. When the fruits grow and begin to ripen, the temperature is raised to 22 degrees.
In summer, the lemon can be grown on the street or on the balcony, but at this time there should be no temperature changes. Therefore, it is advisable to wrap a pot with a plant for the night.
In winter, at rest, the lemon is set indoors at about 13 degrees. There should not be a radiator near.
During fruiting (May-September) lemonwatered every day with filtered or distilled water at room temperature. Then increase the intervals between irrigation, bringing their number to two per week. Water plentifully, but only when the earth dries. If in the autumn or winter to re-moisten it, then the roots may rot. To avoid this, you need to completely change the ground.
Lemon leaves need additional moisture. This is especially important in winter if the room is heated. Spray the leaves with warm boiled water.
Lemon that overwinter in a cool room is not sprayed. Excessive moisture can lead to the development of fungal diseases.
After the seedlings grow to 15 cm, theirtransplanted into a new pot, the diameter of which will be 5 cm more from the previous one. In such dishes, the roots will quickly grow, filling the pot space. If a home-made lemon is transplanted immediately into a large pot, the soil in it will sour from moisture.
It is better to plant the seeds immediately in separate pots. This will reduce the number of transplants, improve the condition of the lemon. This will keep the root system intact.
Пересадка лимона в новый горшок осуществляется method of transshipment. A new pot should also have good drainage and holes for drainage. Its diameter should be 2-3 cm more than the previous one. The soil can be taken the same as when sowing seeds. You can take the mixture from the store or a mixture of garden soil with humus. Lemon is transplanted into a new pot so that the root collar remains at ground level.
A good harvest of lemons cannot be obtained withoutconstant feedings. The easiest way to make a complex fertilizer for indoor lemons. It responds well to the introduction of ash diluted with water. To do this, they are crushed, kept in water for 2 days. You can use the infusion of manure, throwing it in the ratio of 1:10.
For young plants, one additional feeding in one and a half months is enough.
In spring and summer, the adult plant is fed 2 times per month. In the autumn, a lemon located in a warm room is watered once a month and a half. The plants in a cool room do not need additional feeding.
Do not apply fertilizer to dry ground. Therefore, before carrying out feeding, water the plant with clean water.
With the help of fertilizers, you can accelerate the fruiting. To do this, reduce the amount of nitrogen fertilizers, increase the amount of phosphate.
A lemon crown needs to be shaped regularly.This is done in two ways, depending on the purpose of the plant. If it is grown only as an ornamental, cut so as to get a small bush.
For active fruiting, you need to get a tree with a sufficient number of shoots and leaves. Usually fruits are formed on the branches of the fourth order. They need to form as quickly as possible.
The main method of formation is pinchingyoung shoots. The first time it is done when the seedling reaches 20 cm. Then, pinch it at a distance of 15 cm from the previous one, making sure that there are at least 4 buds in this area. From them subsequently receive the main shoots.
The branches of each successive order should be shorter by 5 cm from the previous ones. This will allow to form a compact crown.
In the future, cut off the shoots broken and growing inside.
For many lovers, the leaves on a lemon turn yellow and fall off. This may be caused by:
Often beginning gardeners complain that indoorlemon shed the leaves. What to do in this case? You need to see which of the care points is not performed, and change the mode. Perhaps this is a consequence of the transplant. If done incorrectly, the root system may be damaged, causing the leaves to fall. Therefore, the transfer of lemon into a new pot in the first years of life is carried out once every 2-3 years.
Leaves and stems, especially young ones, candamage aphids, scale insects, whiteflies, mealybugs. To get rid of them without the use of chemicals, undesirable in the apartment, use infusion of garlic. To cook it, chop the garlic, insist in water for 5 days. Filter out, pour 6 g of infusion into 1 liter of water, spray the plant. But if the pests have spread over a large area, such a tool is unlikely to help.
