There were times when the world of people was limitedthe surface of the Earth, which is under their feet. As technology evolved, humanity expanded its horizons. Now people are thinking about whether there are boundaries in our world and what are the scale of the universe? In fact, its real size can not be imagined by any person. Because we do not have suitable landmarks. Even professional astronomers paint themselves (at least in the imagination) reduced in many times the model. Principal is the exact correlation of the dimensions that the objects of the universe have. And when solving mathematical problems they are generally unimportant, because they turn out to be simply numbers, which the astronomer operates with.
To talk about the scale of the universe,first deal with what is closest to us. First, it is a star called the Sun. Secondly, the planets revolving around it. Besides them, there are also satellites moving around some cosmic objects. And do not forget about the asteroid belt.
Planets in this list are interested in people with long-standingsince they are the most accessible for observation. From their study began to develop the science of the structure of the universe - astronomy. The center of the solar system is recognized as a star. It is also its largest object. If you compare with the Earth, the Sun by volume is more than a million times. It only seems relatively small, because it is far removed from our planet.
All the planets of the solar system are divided into three groups:
The planets "do not fly away" from the sun due to the forceattraction. And they can not fall on a star because of high speeds. The objects are really very "smart". For example, the speed of the Earth is approximately 30 kilometers per second.
Before you try to imaginescale of the universe, it is necessary to deal with the Sun and the planets. After all, they too can be difficult to correlate with each other. Most often, the conventional size of a fiery star is identified with a billiard ball, whose diameter is 7 cm. It should be noted that in reality it reaches about 1,400 thousand km. In this "toy" model, the first planet from the Sun (Mercury) is at a distance of 2 meters 80 centimeters. Thus the ball of the Earth will have in diameter only half of millimeter. It is located from the star at a distance of 7.6 meters. The distance to Jupiter on this scale will be 40 m, and to Pluto - 300 m.
If we talk about the objects that are beyondoutside the solar system, then the closest star is Proxima Centauri. It will be removed so much that this simplification turns out to be too small. And this despite the fact that it is within the Galaxy. What to say about the scale of the universe. As you can see, it is virtually unlimited. I always want to know how the Earth and the Universe relate. And after receiving the answer, one can not believe that our planet and even the Galaxy is an insignificant part of the vast world.
Centimeter, meter and even a kilometer - all thesevalues are negligible already within the solar system. What to say about the universe. To indicate the distance within the Galaxy, a value called the light year is used. This is the time that will be required by the light moving for one year. Recall that one light second is equal to almost 300 thousand km. Therefore, when translating into the usual kilometers, the light year is approximately equal to 10,000 billion. Imagine it is impossible, so the scale of the universe is unimaginable for man. If you need to specify the distance between neighboring galaxies, then the light year is insufficient. We need an even larger quantity. It was parsec, which is 3.26 light years.
It is a gigantic entityfrom stars and nebulae. A small part of them can be seen every night in the sky. The structure of our Galaxy is very complicated. It can be considered a strongly compressed ellipsoid of revolution. And he has an equatorial part and a center. The equator of the Galaxy is mostly composed of gas nebulae and hot massive stars. In the Milky Way this part is in its central region.
The solar system is no exception torules. It is also located near the equator of the Galaxy. By the way, most of the stars form a huge disk, whose diameter is 100 thousand light years, and the thickness - 1500. If we return to the scale that was used to represent the solar system, then the dimensions of the Galaxy will be commensurate with the distance from the Earth to the Sun. This is an incredible figure. Therefore, the Sun and the Earth turn out to be crumbs in the Galaxy.
We list the most basic:
In the Universe, in addition, there are also quasars and pulsars.
It is full of what is not yet fully discovered, notstudied. Yes, and what was found, often throws up new questions and related mysteries of the universe. They can be attributed even to all the well-known theory of the "Big Bang". It is really only a conditional doctrine, because mankind can only guess how it happened.
The second riddle is the age of the universe.It can be calculated approximately according to the already mentioned relic radiation, observation of globular clusters and other objects. Today, scientists agreed that the age of the universe is approximately equal to 13.7 billion years. Another mystery - if life on other planets? After all, not only in the solar system there were suitable conditions, and the Earth appeared. And the Universe, most likely, is filled with similar formations.
And what is outside the universe?What is there, where did not the human eye penetrate? Is there something behind this frontier? If so, how many universes exist? These are questions that scientists have yet to find answers to. Our world is like a box with surprises. Once it seemed that it consists only of the Earth and the Sun, with a small number of stars in the sky. Then the worldview expanded. Accordingly, and the boundaries are parted. Not surprisingly, many bright minds have long come to the conclusion that the universe is only part of an even larger education.
