How did Gatchina appear?The Leningrad Region is proud of this city, located about eight kilometers south of St. Petersburg. Kievskoye shosse is connected with the northern capital of Gatchina, which smoothly passes into Pulkovskoye. Let's talk about this unique and beautiful city, which is often called the distant suburb of St. Petersburg.
Как появилась Гатчина?The history of the city is unique, it is associated with the reign of Catherine II. It was during this period that a huge estate was located here - the Gatchina manor. The Empress erected the Great Gatchina Palace. In 1783, the Grand Duke Pavel Petrovich, the future Russian emperor, became the owner of this luxurious mansion. It was under him that original park buildings appeared here, large-scale work was underway to rebuild the palace. By decree of Pavel Petrovich in 1796, Gatchina received the status of a city.
How did such an unusual name appear - Gatchina?A description of the history of the city indicates that the village Hotchino used to be located here. The first mentions of its existence date back to 1500, found in the Novgorod scribal book. Further, the settlement is listed in the Swedish books of 1618-1623 as the Hotzino by village, located in the Dyagylinsky churchyard. There is a version according to which a similar toponym arose from an abbreviated form of the “hot” of one of the personal names of ancient Russian (Khotina, Khotimir). The second version considers the word “hot” as a type of the old Drevnefinsky word “Hatsha” (the area where the forest was burnt down on the arable land).
There is one more version, according to which the temples of the pagan goddess Khocheny were once on the site of Gatchina, hence the name of the village Hotchino.
By the middle of the XVII century, instead of the deaf consonant "x", the letter "g" appeared in the title, as a result the village was called Gotchino, and then Gotchinskaya manor.
By the end of this century, the name "Gotchino" finally goes into a modern form. Emperor Alexander III often called these places "cute Gatchina".
In 1923, Gatchina was renamed.The Leningrad Region underwent major transformations at that time, so Gatchina turned into Trotsk. Lev Davidovich Trotsky repulsed the Krasnov-Kerensky campaign in 1917, and also became an active participant in the defense of Petrograd in 1919. It was for these merits that a decision was made to encourage Trotsky, and Gatchina was renamed Trotsk as a pleasant gift.
After the expulsion of Trotsky outside the USSR (1929)the city became known as Krasnogvardeysky. During the Great Patriotic War (1942), the fascist invaders in honor of the commander of the 18th army Lindemann called him Lindemanstadt. This name was not adopted by the government of the USSR. In 1944, its historic name, Gatchina, was returned to the city. The population knows the history of their small homeland, is proud that every corner of this amazing place is filled with important historical moments for the country.
What else is Gatchina proud of?The population of this city knows that in 2015, their small homeland was awarded the honorary title "City of Military Glory." During the Great Patriotic War, the German invaders were in this territory.
Именно в это время был серьезно разрушен Gatchina palace and park ensemble. After the war, restoration work was carried out in the city, new residential areas appeared, an institute of nuclear physics was created, large industrial enterprises began to function.
The convenient geographical position of Gatchina is madeThis city is a large industrial center of the Leningrad region. In 1985, the Gatchina Palace, after serious restoration works, opened some rooms for free visits.
In 1999, the winner of the All-Russian competition,aimed at identifying the most comfortable Russian city with a population of up to one hundred thousand, became Gatchina. The population is proud to speak of such a high achievement.
Until 2010, the city had the status of historicalsettlements However, according to the order of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, at present Gatchina is deprived of this status. The population of the city still considers its city a place with a unique history. Here they try to treat carefully all cultural and architectural objects.
What climate is characterized by Gatchina?It is characterized by the Atlantic climate, which has some features of the continental. Summer in the city can be quite hot, and winter is much colder than in St. Petersburg. In January, the average daily temperature is –8 ° C; in July, its value is estimated at +17 ° C.
Considering that large industrial enterprises are located on the territory of the city, the level of air pollution exceeds the standard indicators.
The time zone of Gatchina is UTC + 3.
Gatchina Square is 28.7 km2. By population, this city isleading position in the Leningrad region. At the end of 2014, about one hundred thousand people lived here, and the population continues to grow. Such an increase in population can, in particular, be explained by the fact that many residents of St. Petersburg prefer to buy housing here. In Gatchina, the cost of apartments is significantly lower, so in the morning people leave for work in St. Petersburg, and in the evening they return to their comfortable and comfortable apartments.
The Gatchina coat of arms was approved in 1980 by the decree of Paul I. In 1917 it was abolished, but since 1995 it has again been considered the emblem of the municipality "Gatchina".
The emblem of the city of Gatchina was approved by Paul 13December 1800. November 10 (23), 1917 was canceled, since 1995 it has been used as the coat of arms of the municipal entity “Gatchina City”. In the upper part of the shield, in the golden field, there is a symbol of Russian statehood - the double-headed eagle. It is black, has golden paws and a beak. The red scarlet tongues are crowned with the three crowns of the emperor. The average crown is large. The eagle holds in its paws a scepter and a orb. On its chest there is a silver Maltese cross under the crown of the Great Sovereign Military Order of Malta. Above the cross is a scarlet shield, which is burdened with the golden monogram of Emperor Paul I. Under the cross, a golden letter is visible on a blue background. The main colors of the coat of arms are used:
Most of the population of this citymake up the Russian people. That is why ethnic conflicts and problems are uncharacteristic for Gatchina. There are no guest workers in this city, it’s difficult to see people without a certain place of residence (homeless). A significant number of pensioners live in Gatchina, there are also many young mothers with wheelchairs walking slowly through the ancient streets of this beautiful city of the Leningrad Region.
From an administrative point of view, Gatchina is a single entity, but residents informally subdivide on its territory several large neighborhoods: the entrance, the airfield, Khokhlovo, the center, Marienburg.
This area is located at the entrance to the city fromside of St. Petersburg, where smoothly Kiev highway goes into the street on October 25, the main highway Gatchina. On the south side, the area is bordered by the 7th Army Street, which is the conditional boundary from the central part of Gatchina. In the area there are new residential complexes, dominated by the 121-Gatchina series with panel nine-storey houses. Buildings are characterized by high thermal insulation characteristics, the presence of loggias, a triple version of their glazing. The area has excellent infrastructure, so many young families live here.
This area is a solid part of the residentialstock. Here are brick houses built in the second half of the last century. Despite its solid age, there are quite expensive apartments. The charm of these places gives a developed infrastructure, green picturesque courtyards.
This Gatchina district is separated from the centralparts of the city by railroad tracks. It is located near the Baltic Station Gatchina. The name of this area got to him in the "inheritance" from those distant times, when the operating aeroflot was located here. Among the main advantages of this area are the proximity of the station, the situation of public transport, including the St. Petersburg routes.
Жить в этом городе приятно и комфортно, так как It has a full-fledged infrastructure, an excellent transport network. In addition to the numerous taxis, there are also social buses, where older people prefer to get to the northern capital. In addition, you can get to St. Petersburg and by train, which come to the metro station "Baltiyskaya".
There are no problems in the everyday life of citizens. There are many food supermarkets in Gatchina.
Many Gatchins go to work in St. Petersburg.But this does not mean that there are no vacancies inside the city. Here there are many shopping centers, grocery supermarkets, so you need to commodity specialists, sellers, cashiers, freight forwarders.
The city has large enterprises:
It is difficult to find in Gatchina such a person whowould not know about the unique historical past of his small homeland. There are always a lot of tourists who dream to see for their own eyes the unique monuments of the local architecture, to take a photo against the background of the most beautiful scenic spots of this city of the Leningrad region.
